{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:50:04Z","timestamp":1792788604346,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","funder":[{"name":"PGI\/Intramural Research","award":["71\/2-Edu-16\/236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71\/2-Edu-16\/236"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0680_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) are at increased risk for compromised bone health, manifesting as low-impact trauma long bone fractures and vertebral compression fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0680_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a prospective observational study, we studied bone health parameters in North Indian boys with DMD. We consecutively enrolled ambulatory boys with DMD on glucocorticoid therapy. Bone health was evaluated with X-ray spine, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), serum calcium, vitamin D3 (25[OH]D), 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      D\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), serum osteocalcin, osteopontin, and N terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (Ntx) levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0680_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 76 boys with DMD were enrolled. The median age was 8.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 7.04\u201310.77)\u00a0years. Among these, seven (9.2%) boys had long bone fractures, and four (5.3%) had vertebral compression fractures. Fifty-four (71%) boys underwent DXA scan, and among these 31 (57%) had low bone mineral density (BMD, \u2264\u22122 z-score) at the lumbar spine. The mean BMD z-score at the lumbar spine was\u00a0\u22122.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.8,\u00a0\u22122.8), and at the femoral neck was\u00a0\u22122.5 (95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0\u22122,\u00a0\u22122.9). 25(OH)D levels were deficient in 68 (89.5%, n=76) boys, and 1,25(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      D\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      levels were deficient in all. Mean serum osteocalcin levels were 0.68\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.38\u00a0ng\/mL (n=54), serum osteopontin levels were 8.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.6\u00a0pg\/mL (n=54) and serum Ntx levels were 891\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0476\u00a0nmol\/L (n=54). Boys with low BMD received glucocorticoids for longer duration, in comparison to those with normal BMD (median, IQR [16.9\u00a0(6\u201334) months vs. 7.8\u00a0(4.8\u201313.4) months]; p=0.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0680_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bone health is compromised in North Indian boys with DMD. BMD at the lumbar spine is reduced in more than half of boys with DMD and nearly all had vitamin D deficiency on regular vitamin D supplements. Longer duration of glucocorticoid therapy is a risk factor for low BMD in our cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2020-0680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T16:08:42Z","timestamp":1618070922000},"page":"573-581","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Bone density and bone health alteration in boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4701-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renu","family":"Suthar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. V. Chaithanya","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Malviya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Titiksha","family":"Sirari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savita Verma","family":"Attri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pediatrics , APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Patial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pediatrics , APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minni","family":"Tageja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pediatrics , APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunjan","family":"Didwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pediatrics , APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niranjan K.","family":"Khandelwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis , PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arushi G.","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lokesh","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitendra K.","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3279-6002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devi","family":"Dayal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics , APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Sankhyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER , Chandigarh , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040101405221889_j_jpem-2020-0680_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emery, AE. 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