{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T01:52:56Z","timestamp":1784425976256,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2021-0042_abs_001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Craniosynostosis is an underdiagnosed complication associated with hypophosphatemic rickets. The study aims to describe the clinical and auxological characteristic of children with hypophosphatemic rickets and craniosynostosis, describe the usual treatment, and compare the characteristics with those of children without craniosynostosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2021-0042_abs_002\"><jats:title>Methods and patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>An observational and retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical notes and cranial images were reviewed. Out of 96 children, only the 50 patients who had skull images were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2021-0042_abs_003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 50 patients, 26 (15 males) had craniosynostosis (52%). No differences were observed in birth size, age, height, body proportions, alkaline phosphatase, serum phosphate, or percent tubular reabsorption of phosphate at first appointment among children with or without craniosynostosis. Among patients with craniosynostosis, dolichocephaly was prevalent. The sagittal suture was affected in all patients with craniosynostosis, with 19 of 26 children (73%) affected with isolated scaphocephaly. Pan-sutural craniosynostosis was present in 7 children (27%). None of the children had microcephaly, 7 of them presented macrocephaly and, in the remaining subjects, head circumference was normal. Five patients had undergone at least 1 cranial remodeling surgery. One patient with craniosynostosis was diagnosed with a Chiari I malformation. Molecular characterization of PHEX gene was performed in 14 cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2021-0042_abs_004\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Craniosynostosis is an underdiagnosed complication of hypophosphatemic rickets. Many patients with normal head size and growth may go undiagnosed, thus it is important to consider this association for early diagnosis and possible surgical treatment. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for a correct long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2021-0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,19]],"date-time":"2021-06-19T22:08:36Z","timestamp":1624140516000},"page":"1105-1113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets and craniosynostosis"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3125-229X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Alejandra","family":"Arenas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Development , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Jaimovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Perez Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6095-7080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"del Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Development , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3416-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gisela","family":"Viterbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3311-2220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Fano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Development , Garrahan Hospital , City of Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021090720501747412_j_jpem-2021-0042_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carpenter, TO, Imel, EA, Holm, IA, Jan de Beur, SM, Insogna, KL. 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