{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T10:53:04Z","timestamp":1769856784343,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0179_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mini-puberty is the physiological and transient activation of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis occurring during the first months after birth. In preterm infants, the hormonal surge is more pronounced and longer-lasting than in at-term-peers. To date, only few cases of vaginal bleeding in the setting of an exaggerated mini-puberty have been reported.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0179_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At the corrected age of 3\u00a0months, an ex-very-preterm girl presented with breast enlargement and recurrent vaginal bleeding. A remarkable increase in gonadotropins and estradiol levels was detected, while pelvic ultrasound highlighted a large right ovarian cyst. As brain and pituitary MRI showed negative findings, an exaggerated mini-puberty was suspected and no additional investigations were undertaken. The subsequent progressive regression of clinical, biochemical and sonographic findings confirmed the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0179_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although exaggerated mini-puberty of infancy in ex-preterm girls is a rare event, it is important to raise knowledge of this para-physiological condition in order to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2022-0179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T06:21:05Z","timestamp":1660026065000},"page":"1309-1315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exaggerated mini-puberty in a preterm girl: a case report and review of literature"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Lattuada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2196-5106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Molinari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Nicolosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Doni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Passoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ocello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Evasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Calia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Violante","family":"Gustuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cattoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM), San Gerardo Hospital , Monza MB , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040100332848639_j_jpem-2022-0179_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuiri-H\u00e4nninen, T, Sankilampi, U, Dunkel, L. 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