{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:56:13Z","timestamp":1792068973435,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0521_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Person-to-person transmission of transdermal testosterone\u00a0\u2013 termed secondary exposure\u00a0\u2013 is a rare but important cause of precocious puberty.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0521_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 3.5-year-old male was evaluated for precocious puberty based on a 6\u00a0month history of penile growth, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and growth spurt. Total testosterone level was significantly elevated at 1,460\u00a0ng\/dL with normal prepubertal gonadotropin levels. Further history revealed that the father had been using transdermal testosterone for about 1\u00a0year. Within 2\u00a0months of discontinuation, total testosterone level was 20\u00a0ng\/dL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2022-0521_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Given the recent increase in transdermal testosterone prescriptions, clinicians must consider exogenous hormonal exposure as an etiology for precocious puberty. Prescribers should counsel their patients about the significant risk of secondary exposure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T18:09:17Z","timestamp":1673028557000},"page":"323-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sexual precocity in the setting of parental use of a compounded testosterone cream: case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Georges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Cedarbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Isaac","family":"Bisno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology , Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , New Brunswick , NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhasin, S, Brito, JP, Cunningham, GR, Hayes, FJ, Hodis, HN, Matsumoto, AM, et al.. Testosterone therapy in men with hypogonadism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018;103:1715\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2018-00229.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00229"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Handelsman, DJ. Global trends in testosterone prescribing, 2000\u20132011: expanding the spectrum of prescription drug misuse. Med J Aust 2013;199:548\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5694\/mja13.10111.","DOI":"10.5694\/mja13.10111"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voelker, R. Children\u2019s exposure to testosterone gel spurs FDA to order boxed label warning. JAMA 2009;301:2428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2009.810.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.810"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azova, S, Wolfsdorf, J. Precocious sexual development in a male toddler caused by unrecognized transdermal exposure to testosterone: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021;34:675\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2020-0616.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2020-0616"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanderson, E, Abraham, MB, Joseph, J, Boyder, C, Zhang, R, Dedic, D, et al.. Variable persistence of serum testosterone in infants and children exposed to topical testosterone. J Paediatr Child Health 2020;56:1464\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.14795.","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14795"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greulich, WW, Pyle, SI, editors. Radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the hand and wrist, 2nd ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press; 1959.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-195909000-00030"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bourdon, F, Lecoeur, M, Leconte, L, Ultr\u00e9, V, Kouach, M, Odou, P, et al.. Evaluation of Pentravan(\u00ae), Pentravan(\u00ae) Plus, Phytobase(\u00ae), Lipovan(\u00ae) and Pluronic Lecithin Organogel for the transdermal administration of antiemetic drugs to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting at the hospital. Int J Pharm 2016;515:774\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.11.014.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.11.014"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rolf, C, Knie, U, Lemmnitz, G, Nieschlag, E. Interpersonal testosterone transfer after topical application of a newly developed testosterone gel preparation. Clin Endocrinol 2002;56:637\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01529.x.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01529.x"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Ronde, W. Hyperandrogenism after transfer of topical testosterone gel: case report and review of published and unpublished studies. Hum Reprod 2009;24:425\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/den372.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den372"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grober, ED, Garbens, A, Bo\u017eovi\u0107, A, Kulasingam, V, Fanipour, M, Diamandis, EP. Accuracy of testosterone concentrations in compounded testosterone products. J Sex Med 2015;12:1381\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsm.12898.","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12898"},{"key":"2023033123251283029_j_jpem-2022-0521_ref_011","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering, and Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on the Clinical Utility of Treating Patients with Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy. In Jackson, LM, Parker, RM, Mattison, DR, editors. The clinical utility of compounded bioidentical hormone therapy: a review of safety, effectiveness, and use. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US) Copyright 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved; 2020."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T12:21:34Z","timestamp":1680351694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2022-0521","relation":{},"ISSN":["0334-018X","2191-0251"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0334-018X","type":"print"},{"value":"2191-0251","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]}}}