{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T05:37:59Z","timestamp":1740893879270,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Committee and ALF funding, Region \u00d6rebro County"},{"name":"Regional Research Council Mid Sweden"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2024-0606_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Kisspeptin plays a major role in the onset of puberty by stimulating the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GnRH inhibits kisspeptin secretion via a negative feedback mechanism and potential associations between kisspeptin levels and other hormones of importance for pubertal onset.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2024-0606_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirteen girls with suspected central precocious puberty underwent a GnRH stimulation test twice in a randomized, placebo-controlled manner. Blood was sampled up to 150\u202fmin after an IV injection of either Relefact LHRH<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> or saline. The levels of kisspeptin, acylated ghrelin, ultrasensitive oestradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin and glucose were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2024-0606_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Baseline kisspeptin levels ranged from 9.9 to 201.6\u202fpg\/mL. Neither area under the curve for kisspeptin levels nor peaks were significantly lower after the GnRH injection compared to placebo. Baseline kisspeptin and glucose levels tended to be associated (rho=0.55, p=0.051) but no other associations were found between kisspeptin and other hormones.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2024-0606_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Basal levels of kisspeptin vary widely in young girls. We found no evidence of a negative feedback mechanism of GnRH on kisspeptin in this small pilot study. The suggested association between kisspeptin and glucose levels needs further investigations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2024-0606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T15:26:37Z","timestamp":1737645997000},"page":"288-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of a GnRH injection on kisspeptin levels in girls with suspected precocious puberty: a randomized-controlled pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2641-5629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Rodanaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health , \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3425-8195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Rask","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health , \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5292-4913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Lodefalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health , \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"},{"name":"University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health , \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abreu, AP, Kaiser, UB. Pubertal development and regulation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016;4:254\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(15)00418-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00418-0"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skorupskaite, K, George, JT, Anderson, RA. The kisspeptin-GnRH pathway in human reproductive health and disease. Hum Reprod Update 2014;20:485\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmu009.","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu009"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Bond, JA, Smith, JT. Kisspeptin and energy balance in reproduction. Reproduction 2014;147:R53\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/rep-13-0509.","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-13-0509"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cintra, RG, Wajnsztejn, R, Trevisan, CM, Zaia, V, Lagana, AS, Bianco, B, et al.. Kisspeptin levels in girls with precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormone Res Paediatr 2020;93:589\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000515660.","DOI":"10.1159\/000515660"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurnaz, E, Sen, Y, Aydin, S. Plasma kisspeptin and ghrelin levels in puberty variant cases. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metabol JPEM 2017;30:569\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2016-0127.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2016-0127"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Demirbilek, H, Gonc, EN, Ozon, A, Alikasifoglu, A, Kandemir, N. Evaluation of serum kisspeptin levels in girls in the diagnosis of central precocious puberty and in the assessment of pubertal suppression. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metabol JPEM 2012;25:313\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2011-0445.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2011-0445"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, YU, Xiong, XY, Yang, LI, Xie, L, Huang, H. Testing of kisspeptin levels in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty and its significance. Exp Ther Med 2015;9:2369\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2015.2398.","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2398"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodanaki, M, Rask, E, Lodefalk, M. A randomized trial of the effect of a GnRH analogue injection on ghrelin levels in girls. Hormone Res Paediatr 2022;95:442\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000526147.","DOI":"10.1159\/000526147"},{"key":"2025030110294540879_j_jpem-2024-0606_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen, MA, Ryan, PB. 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