{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:21:39Z","timestamp":1767849699336,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0010_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known one of the most common causes of menstrual irregularities and hyperandrogenism in adolescents. We compared cases with increased risk for PCOS (presence of clinical hyperandrogenemia (CH) and\/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia (BH) along with menstrual irregularity (MI)) and cases with only\u00a0MI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0010_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients were divided into four subgroups. Those with only MI (n=130), CH+MI (n=68), BH+MI (n=25), and CH+BH+MI (n=31). Age, weight, height, and body mass index were recorded. The CH was assessed by the presence of persistent acne, hirsutism, or androgenic alopecia. Modified Ferriman Gallwey (mFG) score was used to evaluate hirsutism. Cases with total testosterone levels above 55\u202fng\/dL were considered to have\u00a0BH.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0010_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We observed that basal LH and LH\/FSH ratio do not provide insight into CH. Unlike, DHEA-S (p=0.006), total testosterone (p=0.003), and free androgen index (FAI) (p=0.027) are relatively high in patients with CH. Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is lower in cases with only MI compared to cases with increased risk of PCOS (43.3 vs. 56.7\u202f%, p=0.096). We predicted that 28.05\u202f\u03bcg\/L for Total testosterone, 75.9 for FAI, and 192.9\u202f\u03bcg\/dL for DHEA-S could be used as a cut-off value with a sensitivity and specificity over 60\u202f%, \u200b\u200bto distinguish MI from increased risk for\u00a0PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0010_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After excluding other secondary endocrinological causes of MI in the first years, routine use of total testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI is sufficient to distinguish cases presenting menstrual disorders due to anovulation from increased risk of\u00a0PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2025-0010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T18:37:05Z","timestamp":1743100625000},"page":"631-636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Presence of hyperandrogenemia in cases evaluated due to menstrual irregularity, the\u00a0effect\u00a0of clinical and\/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia on polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9724-2369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan Bilge","family":"Koca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology , Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital , Kayseri , Turkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3490-0642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Tengi\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University , Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital , Kayseri , T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7888-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6n\u00fcl","family":"B\u00fcy\u00fcky\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology , Ankara Bilkent City Hospital , Ankara , T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025053006390454889_j_jpem-2025-0010_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004;19:41\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deh098.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh098"},{"key":"2025053006390454889_j_jpem-2025-0010_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Witchel, SF, Oberfield, S, Rosenfield, RL, Codner, E, Bonny, A, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, L, et al.. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome during adolescence. Horm Res Paediatr 2015;83:376\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000375530.","DOI":"10.1159\/000375530"},{"key":"2025053006390454889_j_jpem-2025-0010_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asanidze, E, Kristesashvili, J, Parunashvili, N, Karelishvili, N, Etsadashvili, N. Challenges in diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence. 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