{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T15:45:20Z","timestamp":1777218320556,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R25DK113652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R25DK113652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0493_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In youth with type 2 diabetes (YT2D), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1) are recommended as adjuncts to metformin (Met) when glycemic targets are not achieved. Early GLP1 use may improve weight and glycemic control, but its efficacy as monotherapy in treatment-na\u00efve YT2D remains unstudied. This exploratory study compares GLP1 and Met monotherapy for glycemic and weight outcomes in newly diagnosed\u00a0YT2D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0493_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective study analyzed patients&lt;21 diagnosed with T2D between January 2022 and March 2024\u202fat a single center. Data were collected for up to 1\u00a0year following diagnosis for patients prescribed GLP1 or Met\u00a0alone. Records were excluded if additional diabetes medication or bariatric surgery was introduced. A mixed effects linear regression model adjusted for baseline BMI, HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      , age, and gender.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0493_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort included 12 GLP1 and 113 Met patients. About 83\u202f% GLP1 patients were female (vs. Met 51\u202f%). All were publicly insured. Median age at diagnosis was 14.8 years. Baseline and final HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      were similar: GLP1 (52\u201336\u202fmmol\/mol) and Met (52\u201344\u202fmmol\/mol), with 83\u202f% GLP1 and 67\u202f% Met patients achieving HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u226448\u202fmmol\/mol (6.5\u202f%) (p=0.253). Baseline BMI was higher in GLP1 (46.37 vs. Met 35.06\u202fkg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Percentage BMI reduction favored GLP1 (\u22125.10\u202f%) over Met (\u22120.59\u202f%). Regression analysis showed GLP1 was associated with greater monthly percentage BMI reduction (\u03b2=\u00a0\u22121.08\u202f%, p=0.001) but not with HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      change (\u03b2=\u00a0\u22121.1, p=0.308).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2025-0493_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP1 led to greater BMI reduction with comparable glycemic control relative to Met in newly diagnosed\u00a0YT2D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2025-0493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T06:22:09Z","timestamp":1762582929000},"page":"56-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploratory real-world experience with GLP-1 receptor agonists vs. metformin in youth with new-onset type 2 diabetes: a single-center retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Isaac","family":"Tejeji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism , Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Troy","family":"Zeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nursing and Interprofessional Research , Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism , Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy T.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism , Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA"},{"name":"Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6294-0589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lily C.","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism , Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA"},{"name":"Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010809595751175_j_jpem-2025-0493_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, K, Staiano, AE. 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