{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:50:10Z","timestamp":1791481810582,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2026-0168_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in the general population but remain understudied in pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to estimate the incidence and identify associated factors for developing elevated BMI in a contemporary, real-world cohort of racially diverse lean youth with new-onset\u00a0T1D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2026-0168_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed medical records from 1,394 youth who were lean (BMI &lt;85th percentile) at the onset of T1D between 2012 and 2024 (excluding those with thyroid or celiac diseases at any time), used BMI trajectory to stratify into mutually exclusive categories (stayed lean, developed overweight, or developed obesity), compared these for baseline characteristics, and estimated relative risk of becoming overweight or\u00a0obese.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2026-0168_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over a median of 29.2\u00a0months, 64.8\u202f% of youth remained lean, 26.7\u202f% developed overweight, and 8.5\u202f% obesity. We identified significant baseline factors associated with the development of overweight (female, p&lt;0.001; having multiple positive islet autoantibodies, p=0.026; and having lower hemoglobin A\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      , p&lt;0.001) and obesity (female, p=0.003). There were no statistically significant associations with age at T1D diagnosis, health insurance type, or positivity for thyroid or celiac antibodies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2026-0168_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In sum, over 33\u202f% of lean youth developed elevated BMI within a median of 2.4\u00a0years after T1D onset. Early identification of characteristics associated with incident overweight and obesity in youth with T1D may inform targeted weight-management interventions following diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2026-0168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T04:56:12Z","timestamp":1784523372000},"page":"866-874","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Overweight and obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"H. Javier","family":"Velasquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Minard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro F.","family":"Siller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel M.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordana","family":"Faruqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Hoyos-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Sisley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5871-4645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J.","family":"Redondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , Houston , TX , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100816572545414_j_jpem-2026-0168_ref_001","unstructured":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017. 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