{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T15:06:39Z","timestamp":1789225599514,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Early metabolic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are shaped not only by clinic follow-up frequency but also by family-level capacity for daily disease management. We evaluated adherence to scheduled outpatient visits during the first 2\u00a0years after diagnosis and identified sociodemographic and clinical predictors of adherence and HbA\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n c<\/jats:sub>\n -based metabolic control.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, 150 children with newly diagnosed T1DM who were followed for at least 2\u00a0years were studied. Sociodemographic characteristics, family structure, visit frequency, hospitalizations, and serial HbA\n 1c<\/jats:sub>\n values were extracted from medical records. Adequate adherence was defined as\u00a0\u22653 visits per\u00a0year.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Adherence was high in both the first (97.3\u202f%) and second (91.3\u202f%) years, yet mean HbA\n 1c<\/jats:sub>\n rose significantly from year 1 to year 2 (6.54 vs. 7.05\u202f%, p<0.001). Sibling count was the only independent predictor of adherence: vs.\u00a0\u22653 siblings, children with 0\u20131 siblings (odds ratio [OR] 2.885, 95\u202f% confidence interval [CI] 1.136\u20137.323, p=0.026), and 2 siblings (OR 3.527, 95\u202f% CI 1.354\u20139.186, p=0.010) were more likely to attend. Low maternal education was associated with higher hospitalization risk and poorer second-year control (both p<0.001); a family history of diabetes was protective against hospitalization (OR 0.372, 95\u202f% CI 0.164\u20130.845, p=0.018).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Despite high clinic attendance, glycemic control deteriorated, indicating that regular attendance alone is insufficient. Family structure and maternal educational capacity appear central to early diabetes trajectories, underscoring the need for family-centered, context-sensitive interventions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2026-0197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T14:55:53Z","timestamp":1789224953000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sociodemographic predictors of follow-up adherence and metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes: a 2-year retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7648-1195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selen Duygu","family":"Ar\u0131k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Rheumatology , Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul , T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism , University of Health Sciences, Dr Sami Ulus Child Health and Diseases, Health Implementation and Research Center , Ankara , T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3974-2872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Semra \u00c7a\u011flar","family":"\u00c7etinkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism , University of Health Sciences, Dr Sami Ulus Child Health and Diseases, Health Implementation and Research Center , Ankara , T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"University of Health Sciences, Etlik City Hospital , Ankara , T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091214554545006_j_jpem-2026-0197_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayer-Davis, EJ, Lawrence, JM, Dabelea, D, Divers, J, Isom, S, Dolan, L, et al.. 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