{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T12:30:55Z","timestamp":1789561855741,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the underlying causes of neonatal mortality (NNM) in midwife-attended home births and compare them to hospital births attended by a midwife or a physician in the United States (US).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort study of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) linked birth\/infant death data set (linked files) for 2008 through 2012 of singleton, term (\u226537 weeks) births and normal newborn weights (\u22652500 grams).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Midwife-attended home births had the highest rate of neonatal deaths [122\/95,657 neonatal mortality (NNM) 12.75\/10,000; relative risk (RR): 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3\u20134.4], followed by hospital physician births (8695\/14,447,355 NNM 6.02\/10,000; RR: 1.7 95% CI 1.6\u20131.9) and hospital midwife births (480\/1,363,199 NNM 3.52\/10,000 RR: 1). Among midwife-assisted home births, underlying causes attributed to labor and delivery caused 39.3% (48\/122) of neonatal deaths (RR: 13.4; 95% CI 9\u201319.9) followed by 29.5% due to congenital anomalies (RR: 2.5; 95% CI 1.8\u20133.6), and 12.3% due to infections (RR: 4.5; 95% CI 2.5\u20138.1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Comment:<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are significantly increased risks of neonatal deaths among midwife-attended home births associated with three underlying causes: labor and delivery issues, infections, and fetal malformations. This analysis of the causes of neonatal death in planned home birth shows that it is consistently riskier for newborns to deliver at home than at the hospital. Physicians, midwives, and other health care providers have a professional responsibility to share information about the clinical benefits and risks of clinical management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2016-0200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T07:24:17Z","timestamp":1476775457000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Underlying causes of neonatal deaths in term singleton pregnancies: home births versus hospital births in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Amos","family":"Gr\u00fcnebaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence B.","family":"McCullough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Arabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Dudenhausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"Orosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank A.","family":"Chervenak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref1061","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant Mortality statistics from the 2009 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"61","year":"2013","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"11","article-title":"Outcomes of care for 16,924 planned home births in the United States: the midwives alliance of North America Statistics Project, 2004 to 2009","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2012-0181","article-title":"Reduction of cesarean delivery rates after implementation of a comprehensive patient safety program","volume":"41","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref971","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03422.x","article-title":"Planned home and hospital births in South Australia, 1991\u20132006: differences in outcomes","volume":"192","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001063420103","article-title":"Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"342","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.081869","article-title":"Outcomes of planned home birth with registered midwife versus planned hospital birth with midwife or physician. [published erratum appears in]","volume":"181","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.05.028","article-title":"Maternal and newborn outcomes in planned home birth vs planned hospital births: a metaanalysis","volume":"203","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref721","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13084","article-title":"Perinatal mortality and morbidity up to 28 days after birth among 743 070 low-risk planned home and hospital births: a cohort study based on three merged national perinatal databases","volume":"122","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref861","first-page":"CD005302","article-title":"Planned early birth versus expectant management (waiting) for prelabour rupture of membranes at term (37 weeks or more)","volume":"1","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.021","article-title":"Perinatal risks of planned home births in the United States","volume":"212","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref901","first-page":"27","article-title":"Planning delivery in cases of congenital malformations from the neonatologist\u2019s point of view]","volume":"218","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-179","article-title":"Transfer to hospital in planned home births: a systematic review","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.06.025","article-title":"Apgar score of zero at five minutes and neonatal seizures or serious neurologic dysfunction in relation to birth setting","volume":"209","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref961","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.081869","article-title":"Outcomes of planned home birth with registered midwife versus planned hospital birth with midwife or physician. [published erratum appears in]","volume":"181","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2005.09.014","article-title":"Delivery room and early postnatal management of neonates who have prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease","volume":"32","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"ref531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c5639","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c5639","article-title":"Perinatal mortality and severe morbidity in low and high risk term pregnancies in the Netherlands: prospective cohort study","volume":"341","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref841","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease \u2013 revised guidelines from CDC, 2010","volume":"59","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03422.x","article-title":"Planned home and hospital births in South Australia, 1991\u20132006: differences in outcomes","volume":"192","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"ref501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.03.005","article-title":"Reliability of Indiana birth certificate data compared to medical records","volume":"16","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref641","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant mortality statistics from the 2010 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"62","year":"2013","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep."},{"key":"ref81","volume-title":"Deaths: final data for 2010. National vital statistics reports","volume":"vol 61","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2014.08.007","article-title":"Current management and long-term outcomes following chorioamnionitis","volume":"41","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02840-3","article-title":"Planned cesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: a randomized multicenter trial; term breech trial collaborative group","volume":"356","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant mortality statistics from the 2008 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"60","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.10.002","article-title":"Planned home birth: the professional responsibility response","volume":"208","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref261","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease \u2013 revised guidelines from CDC, 2010","volume":"59","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.01.007","article-title":"The effect of a program to shorten the decision-to-delivery interval for emergent cesarean section on maternal and neonatal outcome","volume":"210","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.06.022","article-title":"Selected perinatal outcomes associated with planned home births in the United States","volume":"209","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref1121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-224","article-title":"Duration and urgency of transfer in births planned at home and in freestanding midwifery units in England: secondary analysis of the birthplace national prospective cohort study","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant mortality statistics from the 2010 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"62","year":"2013","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep."},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"CD005302","article-title":"Planned early birth versus expectant management (waiting) for prelabour rupture of membranes at term (37 weeks or more)","volume":"1","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-224","article-title":"Duration and urgency of transfer in births planned at home and in freestanding midwifery units in England: secondary analysis of the birthplace national prospective cohort study","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref691","journal-title":"OpenEpi: open source epidemiologic statistics for public health, version 2.3.1"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.03.047","article-title":"Early and total neonatal mortality in relation to birth setting in the United States, 2006\u20132009","volume":"211","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref1071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019726112597","article-title":"Reliability of birth certificate data: a multi-hospital comparison to medical records information","volume":"6","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mat Child Health J"},{"key":"ref991","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12188","article-title":"Planned home VBAC in the United States, 2004\u20132009: outcomes, maternity care practices, and implications for shared decision making","volume":"42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d7400","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d7400","article-title":"Perinatal and maternal outcomes by planned place of birth for healthy women with low risk pregnancies: the birthplace in England national prospective cohort study","volume":"343","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref1141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.10.002","article-title":"Planned home birth: the professional responsibility response","volume":"208","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02840-3","article-title":"Planned cesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: a randomized multicenter trial; term breech trial collaborative group","volume":"356","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref1001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.12142","article-title":"Formulating evidence-based guidelines for certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives attending home births","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref891","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2005.09.014","article-title":"Delivery room and early postnatal management of neonates who have prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease","volume":"32","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7505.1416","article-title":"Outcomes of planned home births with certified professional midwives: large prospective study in North America","volume":"330","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-2182(95)00051-8","article-title":"Outcomes of 11,788 planned home births attended by certified nurse-midwives. A retrospective descriptive study","volume":"40","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nurse Midwifery"},{"key":"ref631","first-page":"2015","article-title":"http www cdc gov reproductivehealth maternalinfanthealth infantmortality htm last accessed","volume":"5"},{"key":"ref741","first-page":"461","article-title":"Outcomes of intended home births in nurse-midwifery practice: a prospective descriptive study","volume":"92","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref1081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.03.005","article-title":"Reliability of Indiana birth certificate data compared to medical records","volume":"16","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref1051","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant mortality statistics from the 2008 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"60","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"ref1021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.01.007","article-title":"The effect of a program to shorten the decision-to-delivery interval for emergent cesarean section on maternal and neonatal outcome","volume":"210","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000824","article-title":"Once more unto the breech: planned vaginal delivery compared with planned cesarean delivery","volume":"125","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"2015","article-title":"http www cdc gov reproductivehealth maternalinfanthealth infantmortality htm last accessed","volume":"5"},{"key":"ref871","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202133260705","article-title":"A controlled trial of a program for the active management of labor","volume":"326","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"ref711","first-page":"11","article-title":"Outcomes of care for 16,924 planned home births in the United States: the midwives alliance of North America Statistics Project, 2004 to 2009","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.036","article-title":"Improved climate, culture, and communication through multidisciplinary training and instruction","volume":"207","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref1031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.036","article-title":"Improved climate, culture, and communication through multidisciplinary training and instruction","volume":"207","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.03.047","article-title":"Early and total neonatal mortality in relation to birth setting in the United States, 2006\u20132009","volume":"211","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31824bb050","article-title":"Trends and characteristics of home vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in the United States and selected States","volume":"119","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.12142","article-title":"Formulating evidence-based guidelines for certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives attending home births","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"ref931","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2012.00536.x","article-title":"In the literature: home birth: safe enough, but not for the first baby","volume":"39","year":"2012","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.08.027","article-title":"Factors associated with adverse perinatal outcomes for term breech fetuses with planned vaginal delivery","volume":"207","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d7400","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d7400","article-title":"Perinatal and maternal outcomes by planned place of birth for healthy women with low risk pregnancies: the birthplace in England national prospective cohort study","volume":"343","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"461","article-title":"Outcomes of intended home births in nurse-midwifery practice: a prospective descriptive study","volume":"92","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2006.00016.x","article-title":"The reliability and validity of birth certificates","volume":"35","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.11.009","article-title":"Effect of a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program on compensation payments and sentinel events","volume":"204","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref1131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-179","article-title":"Transfer to hospital in planned home births: a systematic review","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref1111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c5639","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c5639","article-title":"Perinatal mortality and severe morbidity in low and high risk term pregnancies in the Netherlands: prospective cohort study","volume":"341","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.06.025","article-title":"Apgar score of zero at five minutes and neonatal seizures or serious neurologic dysfunction in relation to birth setting","volume":"209","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref681","first-page":"03","article-title":"Standard Certificate of Death http www cdc gov nchs data dvs death final acc pdfaccessed","volume":"11","author":"May"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199202133260705","article-title":"A controlled trial of a program for the active management of labor","volume":"326","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"03","article-title":"Standard Certificate of Death http www cdc gov nchs data dvs death final acc pdfaccessed","volume":"11","author":"May"},{"key":"ref1151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE201324302","article-title":"Planned home birth in the United States and professionalism: a critical assessment","volume":"24","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Ethics"},{"key":"ref1091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2006.00016.x","article-title":"The reliability and validity of birth certificates","volume":"35","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"ref321","first-page":"27","article-title":"Planning delivery in cases of congenital malformations from the neonatologist\u2019s point of view]","volume":"218","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE201324302","article-title":"Planned home birth in the United States and professionalism: a critical assessment","volume":"24","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Ethics"},{"key":"ref781","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000824","article-title":"Once more unto the breech: planned vaginal delivery compared with planned cesarean delivery","volume":"125","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.028","article-title":"Risk factors for serious morbidity in term nonanomalous neonates","volume":"212","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infant Mortality statistics from the 2009 period linked birth\/infant death data set","volume":"61","year":"2013","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-2182(95)00051-8","article-title":"Outcomes of 11,788 planned home births attended by certified nurse-midwives. A retrospective descriptive study","volume":"40","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nurse Midwifery"},{"key":"ref831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001063420103","article-title":"Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"342","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref111","journal-title":"OpenEpi: open source epidemiologic statistics for public health, version 2.3.1"},{"key":"ref1041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2012-0181","article-title":"Reduction of cesarean delivery rates after implementation of a comprehensive patient safety program","volume":"41","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"1","article-title":"The 1989 revision of the U.S. standard certificates and reports. National Center for Health Statistics","volume":"4","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2014.08.007","article-title":"Current management and long-term outcomes following chorioamnionitis","volume":"41","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref661","volume-title":"Deaths: final data for 2010. National vital statistics reports","volume":"vol 61","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.08.027","article-title":"Factors associated with adverse perinatal outcomes for term breech fetuses with planned vaginal delivery","volume":"207","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2012.00536.x","article-title":"In the literature: home birth: safe enough, but not for the first baby","volume":"39","year":"2012","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref791","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.021","article-title":"Perinatal risks of planned home births in the United States","volume":"212","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.06.022","article-title":"Selected perinatal outcomes associated with planned home births in the United States","volume":"209","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref981","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31824bb050","article-title":"Trends and characteristics of home vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in the United States and selected States","volume":"119","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12188","article-title":"Planned home VBAC in the United States, 2004\u20132009: outcomes, maternity care practices, and implications for shared decision making","volume":"42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.11.1411","article-title":"Consensus and controversy in clinical research ethics","volume":"294","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref651","first-page":"1","article-title":"The 1989 revision of the U.S. standard certificates and reports. National Center for Health Statistics","volume":"4","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"ref1011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.11.009","article-title":"Effect of a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program on compensation payments and sentinel events","volume":"204","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13084","article-title":"Perinatal mortality and morbidity up to 28 days after birth among 743 070 low-risk planned home and hospital births: a cohort study based on three merged national perinatal databases","volume":"122","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref751","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7505.1416","article-title":"Outcomes of planned home births with certified professional midwives: large prospective study in North America","volume":"330","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.05.028","article-title":"Maternal and newborn outcomes in planned home birth vs planned hospital births: a metaanalysis","volume":"203","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"ref911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.028","article-title":"Risk factors for serious morbidity in term nonanomalous neonates","volume":"212","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref1101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.11.1411","article-title":"Consensus and controversy in clinical research ethics","volume":"294","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019726112597","article-title":"Reliability of birth certificate data: a multi-hospital comparison to medical records information","volume":"6","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mat Child Health J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/jpme.2017.45.issue-3\/jpm-2016-0200\/jpm-2016-0200.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0200\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T13:51:13Z","timestamp":1692539473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0200\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0200","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-3997","0300-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]}}}