{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T20:16:22Z","timestamp":1775938582625,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2016-0373_s_999\"><jats:title id=\"d4759861e21065\">Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the normal oxygen saturation trends and fetomaternal correlates in healthy term newborns within 30 min of life born by normal vaginal delivery (NVD) and elective cesarean section (CS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2016-0373_s_998\"><jats:title id=\"d4759861e21073\">Materials and methods::<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 healthy term newborns born by NVD and elective CS at a tertiary care centre. Routine care as per the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) 2015 (Wyckoff MH, Aziz K, Escobedo MB, Kapadia VS, Kattwinkel J, Perlman JM, et al. Part 13: neonatal resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2015;132:S543\u201360) protocol was given and pre-ductal arterial oxygen saturation was assessed by pulse oximetry at different intervals after birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2016-0373_s_997\"><jats:title id=\"d4759861e21082\">Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) was 85.4%, 90.8%, 94.1%, 95.7%, 96.7% and 97.4% at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min, respectively, after birth. Higher mean SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>was observed in NVD compared to elective CS (P&lt;0.005). The mean time for SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>to reach &gt;90% was 9.13 min in NVD and 12.31 min in elective CS (P&lt;0.001). Maternal hemoglobin (Hb) (r=\u22120.15; P&lt;0.01), birth weight (r=\u22120.125; P&lt;0.05) and Apgar at 10 min (r=0.33; P&lt;0.001) were significantly correlated with SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>of newborns at 10 min of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2016-0373_s_996\"><jats:title id=\"d4759861e21102\">Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study defines normal SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels in healthy term newborns in the first 30 min of life born by NVD and elective CS. Babies born by NVD had significantly higher SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels and attained SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>&gt;90% faster than those born by elective CS. Maternal Hb, birth weight and Apgar at 10 min were significant factors affecting SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels of newborns at 10 min of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2016-0373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,27]],"date-time":"2017-03-27T16:06:04Z","timestamp":1490630764000},"page":"191-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Oxygen saturation trends in normal healthy term newborns: normal vaginal delivery vs. elective cesarean section"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Rashi","family":"Bhargava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Patodia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1340","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1510","article-title":"Defining the reference range for oxygen saturation for infants after birth","volume":"125","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.12.047","article-title":"Oxygen saturation trends immediately after birth","volume":"148","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4847.109241","article-title":"Correlation of pulse oximetry and apgar scoring in the normal newborns","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Neonatol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.5.1297","article-title":"Effect of routine emergency department triage pulse oximetry screening on medical management","volume":"108","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"19","article-title":"Oxygen saturation profile in healthy term neonates in the immediate post natal period","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-013-1126-4","article-title":"Oxygen saturation immediately after birth in infants delivered in tertiary care hospital in India","volume":"81","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0405-1","article-title":"Normal oxygen saturation trend in healthy term newborns within 30 minutes of birth","volume":"78","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70153-5","article-title":"The prediction of fetal acidosis by means of intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry","volume":"180","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1340","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1510","article-title":"Defining the reference range for oxygen saturation for infants after birth","volume":"125","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0405-1","article-title":"Normal oxygen saturation trend in healthy term newborns within 30 minutes of birth","volume":"78","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(01)00539-6","article-title":"Measurement of cerebral oxygenation in neonates after vaginal delivery and cesarean section using full-spectrum near infrared spectroscopy","volume":"132","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb02007.x","article-title":"Response to resuscitation of the newborn: early prognostic variables","volume":"94","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03008616","article-title":"Evaluation of oxygen saturation monitoring by pulse oximetry in neonates in delivery system","volume":"38","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2012.03731.x","article-title":"Oxygen saturation of healthy term neonates during the first 30 minutes of life","volume":"55","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"403","article-title":"Oxygen saturation in healthy newborns; influence of birth weight and mode of delivery","volume":"37","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"604","article-title":"Delivery room management: what\u2019s new in 2010 recommendations?","volume":"18","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr."},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.12.047","article-title":"Oxygen saturation trends immediately after birth","volume":"148","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-001-0272-5","article-title":"Oxygen saturation in healthy newborn infants immediately after birth measured by pulse oximetry","volume":"266","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb02007.x","article-title":"Response to resuscitation of the newborn: early prognostic variables","volume":"94","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0540-x","article-title":"Percentiles of oxygen saturation in healthy term newborns in the first minutes of life","volume":"167","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"604","article-title":"Delivery room management: what\u2019s new in 2010 recommendations?","volume":"18","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.182","article-title":"How much reduced hemoglobin is necessary to generate central cyanosis?","volume":"97","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref271","first-page":"19","article-title":"Oxygen saturation profile in healthy term neonates in the immediate post natal period","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4847.109241","article-title":"Correlation of pulse oximetry and apgar scoring in the normal newborns","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Neonatol"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-013-1126-4","article-title":"Oxygen saturation immediately after birth in infants delivered in tertiary care hospital in India","volume":"81","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.224.273","article-title":"Oxygen saturation levels during the first minutes of life in healthy term neonates","volume":"224","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-001-0272-5","article-title":"Oxygen saturation in healthy newborn infants immediately after birth measured by pulse oximetry","volume":"266","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.182","article-title":"How much reduced hemoglobin is necessary to generate central cyanosis?","volume":"97","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.030","article-title":"Regional oxygen saturation of the brain during birth transition of term infants: comparison between elective cesarean and vaginal deliveries","volume":"159","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.224.273","article-title":"Oxygen saturation levels during the first minutes of life in healthy term neonates","volume":"224","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03008616","article-title":"Evaluation of oxygen saturation monitoring by pulse oximetry in neonates in delivery system","volume":"38","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S543","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000267","article-title":"Part 13: neonatal resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care","volume":"132","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(01)00539-6","article-title":"Measurement of cerebral oxygenation in neonates after vaginal delivery and cesarean section using full-spectrum near infrared spectroscopy","volume":"132","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0540-x","article-title":"Percentiles of oxygen saturation in healthy term newborns in the first minutes of life","volume":"167","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S543","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000267","article-title":"Part 13: neonatal resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care","volume":"132","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref391","first-page":"403","article-title":"Oxygen saturation in healthy newborns; influence of birth weight and mode of delivery","volume":"37","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70153-5","article-title":"The prediction of fetal acidosis by means of intrapartum fetal pulse oximetry","volume":"180","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2012.03731.x","article-title":"Oxygen saturation of healthy term neonates during the first 30 minutes of life","volume":"55","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.030","article-title":"Regional oxygen saturation of the brain during birth transition of term infants: comparison between elective cesarean and vaginal deliveries","volume":"159","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.5.1297","article-title":"Effect of routine emergency department triage pulse oximetry screening on medical management","volume":"108","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/jpme.2018.46.issue-2\/jpm-2016-0373\/jpm-2016-0373.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0373\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:34:12Z","timestamp":1619055252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0373\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2016-0373","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-3997","0300-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]]}}}