{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T11:03:30Z","timestamp":1784286210709,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2018-0239_s_999_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1aab1c15b1Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A legitimate indication for growth hormone (GH) therapy in children born too light or short at birth [small-for-gestational age (SGA)] exists in Germany and the European Union only if special criteria are met.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2018-0239_s_998_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1aab1c15b2Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a longitudinal, multi-centered study on full-term appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA, n=1496) and pre-term born SGA (n=173) and full-term SGA children (n=891) in Germany from 2006 to 2010. We analyzed height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and head circumference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2018-0239_s_997_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1aab1c15b3Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-term or full-term born SGA children were shorter, lighter and had a lower BMI from birth until 3 years of age than full-term AGA children. The growth velocity of the analyzed anthropometric measurements was significantly higher in pre-term and full-term SGA children exclusively in the first 2 years of life than in AGA children. The criteria for GH treatment were fulfilled by 12.1% of pre-term SGA children compared to only 1.3% of full-term SGA children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2018-0239_s_996_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1aab1c15b4Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For children that do not catch up growth within the first 2 years of life, an earlier start of GH treatment should be considered, because a catch-up growth later than 2 years of life does not exist. Pre-term SGA-born children more frequently fulfill the criteria for GH treatment than full-term SGA children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T15:42:20Z","timestamp":1557157340000},"page":"448-454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Identification of growth patterns of preterm and small-for-gestational age children from birth to 4 years \u2013 do they catch up?"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Dirk Manfred","family":"Olbertz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology , Klinikum S\u00fcdstadt , Rostock , Germany"},{"name":"Center for Medicine and Society , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebekka","family":"Mumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Freiburg , Hebelstr. 29 , Freiburg 79104 , Germany"},{"name":"Center for Medicine and Society , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany , Tel.: +49761 203 5525, Fax: +49761 203 6896"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Wittwer-Backofen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medicine and Society , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany"},{"name":"Biological Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Fricke-Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , HELIOS-Klinikum Krefeld , Krefeld , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Pyper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus , Dresden , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Otte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bielefeld , Bielefeld , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wabitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Gottmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl Otfried","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , University Medical Center , Freiburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Scholten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , University of Jena , Jena , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Gerstmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Klinikum Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Voigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medicine and Society , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , University Medical Center , Freiburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_001_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zabransky S, editor. Caring for children born small for gestational age. Tarporley, UK: Springer Healthcare Ltd; 2013.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-908517-90-6"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_002_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Onis M, Habicht JP. Anthropometric reference data for international use: recommendations from a World Health Organization Expert Committee. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:650\u20138.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.4.650"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_003_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee PA, Chernausek SD, Hokken-Koelega AC, Czernichow P. International small for gestational age advisory board consensus development conference statement: management of short children born small for gestational age, April 24\u2013October 1, 2001. Pediatrics 2003;111(6 Pt 1):1253\u201361.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.6.1253"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_004_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Itabashi K, Mishina J, Tada H, Sakurai M, Nanri Y, Hirohata Y. Longitudinal follow-up of height up to five years of age in infants born preterm small for gestational age: comparison to full-term small for gestational age infants. Early Hum Dev 2007;83:327\u201333.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2006.07.002"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_005_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b5Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karlberg J, Albertsson-Wikland K. Growth in full-term small-for-gestational-age infants: from birth to final height. Pediatr Res 1995;38:733\u20139.","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199511000-00017"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_006_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b6Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lundgren EM, Cnattingius S, Jonsson B, Tuvemo T. Intellectual and psychological performance in males born small for gestational age with and without catch-up growth. Pediatr Res 2001;50:91\u20136.","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200107000-00017"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_007_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b7Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghods E, Kreissl A, Brandstetter S, Fuiko R, Widhalm K. Head circumference catch-up growth among preterm very low birth weight infants. Effect on neurodevelopmental outcome. J Perinat Med 2011;39:579\u201386.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2011.049"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_008_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b8Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Low JA, Handley-Derry MH, Burke SO, Peters RD, Pater EA, Killen HL, et al. Association of intrauterine fetal growth retardation and learning deficits at age 9 to 11 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:1499\u2013505.","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91727-R"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_009_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2b9Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Pilar Bertran A, Meraldi M, Harris Requejo J, et al. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth. A systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Org 2010;88:31\u20138.","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.062554"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_010_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c10Aa","unstructured":"World Health Organization. ICD-10. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems: tenth revision, 2nd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2004."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_011_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c11Aa","unstructured":"Wit JM, Boersma B. Catch-up growth: definition, mechanisms, and models. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2002;15(Suppl 5):1229\u201341."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_012_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c12Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boersma B, Wit JM. Catch-up growth. Endocr Rev 1997;18:646\u201361.","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.5.0313"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_013_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c13Aa","unstructured":"Hermanussen M. Catch-up growth. In: Hermanussen M, editor. Auxology. Studying human growth and development. Stuttgart, Germany: Schweizerbart; 2013. pp. 1617."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_014_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c14Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prader A. Catch-up growth. Postgraduate Med J 1978;54(Suppl 1):133\u201346.","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.54.628.133"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_015_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c15Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prader A, Tanner JM, von Harnack G. Catch-up growth following illness or starvation. An example of developmental canalization in man. J Pediatr 1963;62:646\u201359.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(63)80035-9"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_016_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c16Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ong KK. Catch-up growth in small for gestational age babies. Good or bad? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2007;14:30\u20134.","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e328013da6c"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_017_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c17Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Victora CG, Barros FC, Horta BL, Martorell R. Short-term benefits of catch-up growth for small-for-gestational-age infants. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:1325\u201330.","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.6.1325"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_018_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c18Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hokken-Koelega ACS, De Ridder MAJ, Lemmen RJ, Hartog HD, De Muinck Keizer-Schrama SMPF, Drop SLS. Children born small for gestational age. Do they catch up? Pediatr Res 1995;38:267\u201371.","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199508000-00022"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_019_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lundgren EM, Cnattingius HM, Jonsson GB, Tuvemo TH. Linear catch-up growth does not increase the risk of elevated blood pressure and reduces the risk of overweight in males. J Hypertens 2001;19:1533\u20138.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200109000-00003"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_020_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monteiro POA, Victora CG. Rapid growth in infancy and childhood and obesity in later life \u2013 a systematic review. Obes Rev 2005;6:143\u201354.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2005.00183.x"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_021_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knops NBB, Sneeuw KCA, Brand R, Hille ETM, den Ouden AL, Wit J-M, et al. Catch-up growth up to ten years of age in children born very preterm or with very low birth weight. BMC Pediatr 2005;5:26.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-5-26"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_022_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albertsson-Wikland K, Karlberg J. Natural growth in children born small for gestational age with and without catch-up growth. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:64\u201370.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13292.x"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_023_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albertsson-Wikland K, Wennergren G, Wennergren M, Vilbergsson G, Rosberg S. Longitudinal follow-up of growth in children born small for gestational age. Acta Paediatr 1993;82:438\u201343.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12718.x"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_024_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c24Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandt I, Sticker EJ, Gausche R, Lentze MJ. Catch-up growth of supine length\/height of very low birth weight, small for gestational age preterm infants to adulthood. J Pediatr 2005;147:662\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.06.034"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_025_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c25Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandt I, Sticker EJ, Lentze MJ. Catch-up growth of head circumference of very low birth weight, small for gestational age preterm infants and mental development to adulthood. J Pediatr 2003;142:463\u201370.","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.149"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_026_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c26Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voigt M, Fusch C, Olbertz D, Hartmann K, Rochow N, Renken C, et al. Analysis of the neonatal collective in the Federal Republic of Germany [Analyse des Neugeborenenkollektivs der Bundesrepublik Deutschland]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2006;66:956\u201370.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924458"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_027_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c27Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clayton PE, Cianfarani S, Czernichow P, Johannsson G, Rapaport R, Rogol A. Management of the child born small for gestational age through to adulthood. A consensus statement of the International Societies of Pediatric Endocrinology and the Growth Hormone Research Society. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2007;92:804\u201310.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2017"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_028_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c28Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Growth Hormone Research Society. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in childhood and adolescence: summary statement of the GH Research Society. GH Research Society. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2000;85:3990\u20133.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.85.11.3990"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_029_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c29Aa","unstructured":"Field A, Miles J, Field Z. Discovering statistics using R. Los Angeles. London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington, DC: Sage; 2012."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_030_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c30Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Wabitsch M, Kunze D, Geller F, Gei\u00df HC, Hesse V, et al. Perzentile f\u00fcr den Body-mass-Index f\u00fcr das Kindes- und Jugendalter unter Heranziehung verschiedener deutscher Stichproben. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2001;149:807\u201318.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001120170107"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_031_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c31Aa","unstructured":"R Development Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: The R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2011."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_032_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c32Aa","unstructured":"Koch G (ed). Pediatric dentistry. A clinical approach, 2nd ed. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2009."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_033_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c33Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anchieta LM, Xavier CC, Colosimo EA. Growth velocity of preterm appropriate for gestational age newborns. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2004;80:417\u201324.","DOI":"10.2223\/1228"},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_034_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c34Aa","unstructured":"Reiter EO, Rosenfeld RG. Normal and aberrant growth. In: Kronenberg H, Melmed S, Polonsky K, Larsen P, editors. Normal and aberrant growth, 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Saunders\/Elsevier; 2007. pp. 1427\u2013507."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_035_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c35Aa","unstructured":"Darendeliler F, Coban A, Bas F, Bundak R, Disci R, Sukur M, et al. Catch-up growth in appropriate- or small-for-gestational age preterm infants. Turk J Pediatr 2008;50:207\u201313."},{"key":"2026071710051161869_j_jpm-2018-0239_ref_036_w2aab2b8b7b1b7b1ab2b2c36Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehls O, W\u00fchl E, T\u00f6nshoff B, Schaefer F, Nissel R, Haffner D. Growth hormone treatment in short children with chronic kidney disease. Acta Paediatr 2008;97:1159\u201364.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00845.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/jpme.2019.47.issue-4\/jpm-2018-0239\/jpm-2018-0239.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T10:05:40Z","timestamp":1784282740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2018-0239","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-3997","0300-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]}}}