{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T10:41:25Z","timestamp":1713523285594},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2019-0127_s_999_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1aab1c16b1Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the characteristics of twin fetal facial expressions at 30\u201333\u2009+\u20096 weeks of gestation using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound to clarify twin fetal brain development and maturation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2019-0127_s_998_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1aab1c16b2Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Frequencies of seven fetal facial expressions were studied using 4D ultrasound for 15 minutes in 30 singleton pregnancies and 18 twin pregnancies [four monochorionic diamniotic (MD) and 14 dichorionic diamniotic (DD) twins] at 30\u201333\u2009+\u20096 weeks of gestation. Comparison of the frequency in each facial expression was performed between singleton and twin fetuses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2019-0127_s_997_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1aab1c16b3Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mouthing was the most frequent facial expression at 30\u201333\u2009+\u20096 weeks of gestation, followed by blinking in twin and singleton fetuses. Both facial expressions were significantly more frequent than other expressions (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The frequencies of mouthing and scowling in twin fetuses were significantly lower than those in singleton fetuses, but there were no significant differences in the frequencies of the five other facial expressions between the fetal groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2019-0127_s_996_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1aab1c16b4Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results suggest that restricted twin fetal behavior before 20 weeks of gestation may still affect the frequencies of twin facial expressions early in the third trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, the frequencies of facial expressions in twins are different from those of singleton fetuses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]],"date-time":"2019-10-17T09:02:33Z","timestamp":1571302953000},"page":"963-968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Twin fetal facial expressions at 30\u201333+6 weeks of gestation"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Emiko","family":"Nitta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Gynecology , Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine , Ikenobe , Miki , Kagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Kanenishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Gynecology , Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine , Ikenobe , Miki , Kagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Gynecology , Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine , Ikenobe , Miki , Kagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa","family":"AboEllail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Gynecology , Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine , Ikenobe , Miki , Kagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology and Gynecology , Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine , Ikenobe , Miki , Kagawa , Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyake Clinic, 369-8 Ohfuku, Minami-ku , Okayama 701-0204 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_001_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Degani S, Leibovitz Z, Shapiro I, Ohel G. Twins\u2019 temperament: early prenatal sonographic assessment and postnatal correlation. J Perinatol 2009;29:337\u201342.","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.238"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_002_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AboEllail MAM, Kanenishi K, Mori N, Noguchi J, Marumo G, Hata T. Ultrasound study of fetal movements in singleton and twin pregnancies at 12\u201319 weeks. J Perinat Med 2018;46:832\u20138.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2017-0158"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_003_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mori N, Kanenishi K, AboEllail MAM, Nitta E, Noguchi J, Marumo G, et al. Singleton and twin fetal movements before 20 weeks of gestation. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018;12:99\u2013103.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10009-1558"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_004_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mulder EJH, Derks JB, de Laat MWM, Visser GHA. Fetal behavior in normal dichorionic twin pregnancy. Early Hum Dev 2012;88:129\u201334.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2011.07.011"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_005_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b5Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prechtl HF. State of the art of a new functional assessment of young nervous system: an early predictor of cerebral palsy. Early Hum Dev 1997;50:1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(97)00088-1"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_006_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b6Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nijhuis JG. Fetal behavior. Neurobiol Aging 2003;24:S41\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00054-X"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_007_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b7Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hepper PG. Fetal behavior: why so skeptical? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1996;8:145\u20138.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1996.08030145.x"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_008_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b8Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AboEllail MAM, Hata T. Fetal face and four-dimensional ultrasound. In: Kurjak A, Chervenak FA, editors. Donald School Textbook of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 4th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P) Ltd., 2017:791\u20139.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp\/books\/13058_48"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_009_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1b9Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AboEllail MAM, Hata T. Fetal face as important indicator of fetal brain function. J Perinat Med 2017;45:729\u201336.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2016-0377"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_010_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c10Aa","unstructured":"Kurjak A, Stanojevi\u0107 M, Andonotopo W, Scazzocchio-Duenas E, Azumendi G, Carrera JM. Fetal behavior assessed in all three trimesters of normal pregnancy by four-dimensional ultrasonography. Croat Med J 2005;46:772\u201380."},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_011_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c11Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yigiter AB, Kavak ZN. Normal standards of fetal behavior assessed by four-dimensional sonography. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2006;19:707\u201321.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050600924129"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_012_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c12Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan F, Dai SY, Akther N, Kuno A, Yanagihara T, Hata T. Four-dimensional sonographic assessment of fetal facial expression early in the third trimester. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2006;94:108\u201313.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.05.004"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_013_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c13Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanenishi K, Hanaoka U, Noguchi J, Marumo G, Hata T. 4D ultrasound evaluation of fetal facial expressions during the latter stages of the second trimester. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2013;121:257\u201360.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.01.018"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_014_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c14Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sato M, Kanenishi K, Hanaoka U, Noguchi J, Marumo G, Hata T. 4D ultrasound study of fetal facial expressions at 20\u201324 weeks of gestation. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2014;126:275\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.03.036"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_015_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c15Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AboEllail MAM, Kanenishi K, Mori N, Mohamed OAK, Hata T. 4D ultrasound study of fetal facial expressions in third trimester of pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018;31:1856\u201364.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1330880"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_016_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c16Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mori N, AboEllail MAM, Tenkumo C, Kanenishi K, Nishimoto N, Hata T. Fetal facial expressions in small-for-gestational-age and growth-restricted fetuses. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019;32:1426\u201332.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1410788"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_017_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c17Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AboEllail MAM, Kanenishi K, Mori N, Hata T. Coordination of fetal facial expressions after 36 weeks of gestation. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018;12:156\u201361.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10009-1567"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_018_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c18Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mori N, Kanenishi K, AboEllail MAM, Nitta E, Hata T. Neurological development may be accelerated in growth-restricted fetuses: a 4D ultrasound study. J Perinat Med 2019;47:429\u201333.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2018-0379"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_019_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuno A, Akiyama M, Yanagihara T, Hata T. Comparison of fetal growth in singleton, twin, and triplet pregnancies. Hum Reprod 1999;14:1352\u201360.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.5.1352"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_020_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reissland N, Francis B, Kumarendran K, Mason J. Ultrasound observations of subtle movements: a pilot study comparing foetuses of smoking and nonsmoking mothers. Acta Paediatrica 2015;104:596\u2013603.","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13001"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_021_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c21Aa","unstructured":"Amiel-Tison C, Maillard F, Lebrum F, Faucher P, Vitry F, Hottinger O, et al. Acceleration of neurologic and physical maturity in multiple pregnancies. Presented at European Congress of Perinatal Medicine, Helsinki, June, 1994."},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_022_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardes LS, Ottolia JF, Cecchini M, Filho AGA, Teixeira MJ, Francisco RPV, et al. On the feasibility of accessing acute pain-related facial expressions in the human fetus and its potential implications: a case report. Pain Rep 2018;3:e673.","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000673"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_023_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hata T, Sasaki M, Yanagihara T. Difference in the frequency of types of inter-twin contact at 10\u201313 weeks\u2019 gestation: preliminary four-dimensional sonographic study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012;25:226\u201330.","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.568551"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_024_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c24Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morokuma S, Fukushima K, Kawai N, Tomonaga M, Satoh S, Nakano H. Fetal habituation correlates with functional brain development. Behav Brain Res 2004;153:459\u201363.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.01.002"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_025_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c25Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Estes ML, McAllister AK. Maternal immune activation: implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Science 2016;19:772\u20137.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag3194"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_026_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c26Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sajapala S, AboEllail MAM, Kanenishi K, Mori N, Marumo G, Hata T. 4D ultrasound study of fetal movement early in the second trimester of pregnancy. J Perinat Med 2017;45:737\u201343.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2016-0250"},{"key":"2024041910070316458_j_jpm-2019-0127_ref_027_w2aab3b8c14b1b7b1ab2b1c27Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hata T, Hanaoka U, AboEllail MAM, Uematsu R, Noguchi J, Kusaka T, et al. Is there a sex difference in fetal behavior? A comparison of KANET test between male and female fetuses. J Perinat Med 2016;44:585\u20138.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2015-0387"}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/jpme.2019.47.issue-9\/jpm-2019-0127\/jpm-2019-0127.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T10:07:27Z","timestamp":1713521247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2019-0127","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-3997","0300-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]]}}}