{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T11:37:58Z","timestamp":1648813078794},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>Little information exists related to the contribution of assisted reproductive technology (ART) twins to the preterm and very preterm birth rate. We sought to examine this contribution over a period of more than two decades in a tertiary perinatal center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We identified all preterm births from 1993 to 2017, born at <37 or <32 weeks\u2019 gestation, by mode of conception [in vitro fertilization (IVF) vs. non-IVF pregnancies]. We generated trend lines of the annual change of the dependent variable (% preterm birth).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We evaluated 74,299 births, including 3934 (5.3%) preterm births at <37 and 826 (1.1%) at <32 weeks\u2019 gestation. In this period, 1019 (1.4%) twin pairs were born including 475 (46.6%) and 80 (7.8%) at <37 and <32 weeks, respectively. There were 213 (5.4%) IVF pregnancies among the preterm births at <37 weeks, including 88 (41.3%) twins. Fifteen (1.8%) births of all IVF gestations were at <32 weeks, and all were twins. Whereas the annual rate of spontaneous twins did not change, a significant increase over time exists for IVF twins (P\u2009<\u20090.05, R2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.6). We demonstrated an increase in IVF twin births at <37 weeks but not for spontaneously conceived twins. Whereas the twin birth rate at <32 weeks did not change over time, all preterm births at <32 weeks following IVF were twins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The risk of twins after ART increasingly contributes to preterm births at <37 weeks and ART twins are at significant risk for preterm births at <32 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2019-0251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T14:15:12Z","timestamp":1585664112000},"page":"411-415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The contribution of twins conceived by in vitro fertilization to preterm birth rate: observations from a quarter of century"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jelena","family":"Ivandi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Center and University of Rijeka, Cambierieva 17\/V, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Blickstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Affiliated with the Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana-Maria","family":"\u0160opi\u0107 Raheli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Center and University of Rijeka, Cambierieva 17\/V, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"E\u0161kinja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Center and University of Rijeka, Cambierieva 17\/V, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tea","family":"\u0160timac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Center and University of Rijeka, Cambierieva 17\/V, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01126.x","article-title":"Does assisted reproduction technology, per se, increase the risk of preterm birth?","volume":"113","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02517.x","article-title":"Selected neonatal outcomes in dizygotic twins after IVF versus non-IVF pregnancies","volume":"117","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey242","article-title":"ART 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