{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T23:42:37Z","timestamp":1778542957611,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>To evaluate the association of short-term neurological improvement until day of life 4 in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH) with neurodevelopmental outcome at 18\u201324 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 174 neonates with HIE registered in the Swiss National Asphyxia and Cooling Register between 2011 and 2013. TH was initiated according to national guidelines, and Sarnat staging was performed daily. Short-term neurological improvement was defined if Sarnat stage improved from admission until day 4 of life. Standardized neurodevelopmental assessments were performed at 18\u201324 months. Unfavorable outcome was defined as death before 2 years of age or severe or moderate disability at follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>One hundred and sixty-four of 174 neonates (94%) received TH, of those 30 (18%) died in the neonatal period (no late mortality). Eighty-one percent of the survivors (109\/134) were seen at 18\u201324 months. Of the 164 cooled neonates, 62% had a short-term neurological improvement, and the Sarnat score remained unchanged in 33%. Short-term neurological improvement was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.118 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.051\u20130.271] for an unfavorable outcome at 18\u201324 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Short-term neurological improvement predicts neurodevelopmental outcome at 18\u201324 months in the era of TH. Clinical examination must be part of a comprehensive evaluation for prognostication in HIE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2019-0391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T09:03:21Z","timestamp":1582016601000},"page":"296-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Short-term neurological improvement in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy predicts neurodevelopmental outcome at 18\u201324 months"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Beate","family":"Grass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Scheidegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Latal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development Center, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Hagmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Held","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Brotschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"_","family":"_","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00166.x","article-title":"Definition and classification of cerebral palsy","volume":"49","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17946-X","article-title":"Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicentre randomised trial","volume":"365","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"w13145","article-title":"Hypothermia for perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy","volume":"141","year":"2011","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.06.003","article-title":"Therapeutic hypothermia changes the prognostic value of clinical evaluation of neonatal encephalopathy","volume":"152","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0900854","article-title":"Moderate hypothermia to treat perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy","volume":"361","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2014.12.011","article-title":"Impact of hypothermia on predictors of poor outcome: how do we decide to redirect care?","volume":"20","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcps050929","article-title":"Whole-body hypothermia for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"353","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref321","first-page":"w13145","article-title":"Hypothermia for perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy","volume":"141","year":"2011","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500100030012","article-title":"Neonatal encephalopathy following fetal distress. 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