{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:03:26Z","timestamp":1783469006695,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0085_abs_001_w2aab3b7c52b1b6b1aab1c16b1Aa\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measurement of birth length and birth head circumference is part of the newborn assessment. Both measurements aid in distinguishing between proportionate and disproportionate small and large for gestational age newborns. It had been shown that birth weight is related to maternal height and weight. This study aims to analyze birth length and birth head circumference percentiles based on maternal stature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0085_abs_002_w2aab3b7c52b1b6b1aab1c16b2Aa\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This observational study analyzed birth length and birth head circumference percentiles of 2.3 million newborns stratified by maternal height and weight from the first obstetric assessment. Percentiles were calculated for sex and 22\u201343 gestational weeks for all infants. Eighteen subgroups based on six maternal height and three weight strata were defined and percentiles calculated from 32 to 42 gestational weeks using GAMLSS package for R.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0085_abs_003_w2aab3b7c52b1b6b1aab1c16b3Aa\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Newborns of mothers with height\u00a0&lt;158\u00a0cm and weight\u00a0&lt;53\u00a0kg (short stature) had a rate of preterm birth of 9%, compared to 5% in the tall stature group (height\u00a0&gt;177\u00a0cm, weight\u00a0&gt;79\u00a0kg). Small stature mothers were 1.7 years younger. Birth length differed by several centimeters for the same percentiles between groups of short and tall stature mothers, whereas birth head circumference differed up to 1.2\u00a0cm. The largest deviation of birth length was between the 97th percentiles. For male newborns born at term, birth length at the 97th percentile differed by 3.2\u00a0cm, at the 50th percentile by 2.7\u00a0cm and at the third percentile by 2.5\u00a0cm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0085_abs_004_w2aab3b7c52b1b6b1aab1c16b4Aa\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Birth length and birth head circumference are related to maternal height and weight. To more completely assess newborns, the maternal size should be considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T07:13:22Z","timestamp":1597734802000},"page":"656-664","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Individualized birth length and head circumference percentile charts based on maternal body weight and height"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Manfred","family":"Voigt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Biological Anthropology, Medical Faculty, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena Marie","family":"Meyer-Kahrweg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Landau-Crangle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hon Yiu","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"D\u00e4britz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Rochow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl-Thiem-Hospital, Cottbus, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjam","family":"Kunze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Rochow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02143.x","article-title":"Maternal anthropometrics are associated with fetal size in different periods of pregnancy and at birth. The Generation R Study","volume":"116","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref451","first-page":"507","article-title":"Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc: Series C (Appl Stat)"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-908517-90-6_5","article-title":"Birth weight percentiles: an international comparison","volume-title":"Caring for Children Born Small for Gestational Age","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0039","article-title":"Small for gestational age: short stature and beyond","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.063743","article-title":"The \u201cLasso-o\u201d tape: stretchability and observer variability in head circumference measurement","volume":"90","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref581","article-title":"Z-score differences based on cross-sectional growth charts do not reflect the growth rate of very low birth weight infants","volume":"14","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22680","article-title":"Relationships of maternal and paternal anthropometry with neonatal body size, proportions and adiposity in an Australian cohort","volume":"156","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-908517-90-6_5","article-title":"Birth weight percentiles: an international comparison","volume-title":"Caring for Children Born Small for Gestational Age","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(95)01637-I","article-title":"Birth weight: nature or nurture?","volume":"42","year":"1995","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1720237","article-title":"The influence of maternal size on placental, fetal and postnatal growth in the horse. II. Endocrinology of pregnancy","volume":"172","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12455","article-title":"Association between perinatal outcomes and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index","volume":"17","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.011","article-title":"Customized growth charts: rationale, validation and clinical benefits","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref411","first-page":"425","article-title":"Dependence of neonatal small and large for gestational age rates on maternal height and weight--an analysis of the German Perinatal Survey","volume":"38","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(95)01637-I","article-title":"Birth weight: nature or nurture?","volume":"42","year":"1995","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2017-0349","article-title":"Maternal body height is a stronger predictor of birth weight than ethnicity: analysis of birth weight percentile charts","volume":"47","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12027","article-title":"Fetal growth and birth size is associated with maternal anthropometry and body composition","volume":"11","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"ref501","volume-title":"Individualized Postnatal Growth Trajectory for Preterm Infants - Online Calculator","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref251","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of a low-cost, handheld 3D imaging system for child anthropometry","volume":"13","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0039","article-title":"Small for gestational age: short stature and beyond","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1230445","article-title":"Influence of maternal size on placental, fetal and postnatal growth in the horse. I. Development in utero","volume":"123","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2017-0349","article-title":"Maternal body height is a stronger predictor of birth weight than ethnicity: analysis of birth weight percentile charts","volume":"47","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22680","article-title":"Relationships of maternal and paternal anthropometry with neonatal body size, proportions and adiposity in an Australian cohort","volume":"156","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"ref201","volume-title":"Individualized Postnatal Growth Trajectory for Preterm Infants - Online Calculator","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-33","article-title":"Do parental heights influence pregnancy length?: A population-based prospective study, HUNT 2","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref161","volume-title":"A language and enviroment for statistical computing","volume":"6.2","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S150","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s208","article-title":"Genetics of size at birth","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1720237","article-title":"The influence of maternal size on placental, fetal and postnatal growth in the horse. II. Endocrinology of pregnancy","volume":"172","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.217","article-title":"Fetal size standards to diagnose a small- or a large-for-gestational-age fetus","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1230445","article-title":"Influence of maternal size on placental, fetal and postnatal growth in the horse. I. Development in utero","volume":"123","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.229","article-title":"A new customized fetal growth standard for African American women: the PRB\/NICHD Detroit study","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00024","article-title":"The influence of maternal size on pre- and postnatal growth in the horse: III Postnatal growth","volume":"127","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref281","article-title":"Z-score differences based on cross-sectional growth charts do not reflect the growth rate of very low birth weight infants","volume":"14","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S150","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s208","article-title":"Genetics of size at birth","volume":"30","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80066-0","article-title":"A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age","volume":"71","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref461","volume-title":"A language and enviroment for statistical computing","volume":"6.2","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.03003","article-title":"Customized Fetal Growth Charts for Parents\u2019 Characteristics, Race, and Parity by Quantile Regression Analysis: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Italian Study","volume":"35","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"210","article-title":"New percentile values for the anthropometric dimensions of singleton neonates: analysis of perinatal survey data of 2007-2011 from all 16 states of Germany","volume":"218","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"},{"key":"ref591","volume-title":"Individualized Postnatal Growth Trajectory for Preterm Infants - Online Calculator","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.011","article-title":"Customized growth charts: rationale, validation and clinical benefits","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.229","article-title":"A new customized fetal growth standard for African American women: the PRB\/NICHD Detroit study","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80066-0","article-title":"A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age","volume":"71","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.03003","article-title":"Customized Fetal Growth Charts for Parents\u2019 Characteristics, Race, and Parity by Quantile Regression Analysis: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Italian Study","volume":"35","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"210","article-title":"New percentile values for the anthropometric dimensions of singleton neonates: analysis of perinatal survey data of 2007-2011 from all 16 states of Germany","volume":"218","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"425","article-title":"Dependence of neonatal small and large for gestational age rates on maternal height and weight--an analysis of the German Perinatal Survey","volume":"38","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"ref551","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of a low-cost, handheld 3D imaging system for child anthropometry","volume":"13","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.6.1108","article-title":"Accuracy of infant admission lengths","volume":"109","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1159\/000449275","article-title":"Small at Birth, but How Small? The Definition of SGA Revisited","volume":"86","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-33","article-title":"Do parental heights influence pregnancy length?: A population-based prospective study, HUNT 2","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref291","volume-title":"Individualized Postnatal Growth Trajectory for Preterm Infants - Online Calculator","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.6.1108","article-title":"Accuracy of infant admission lengths","volume":"109","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.063743","article-title":"The \u201cLasso-o\u201d tape: stretchability and observer variability in head circumference measurement","volume":"90","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.217","article-title":"Fetal size standards to diagnose a small- or a large-for-gestational-age fetus","volume":"218","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref151","first-page":"507","article-title":"Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc: Series C (Appl Stat)"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12455","article-title":"Association between perinatal outcomes and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index","volume":"17","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02143.x","article-title":"Maternal anthropometrics are associated with fetal size in different periods of pregnancy and at birth. The Generation R Study","volume":"116","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1159\/000449275","article-title":"Small at Birth, but How Small? The Definition of SGA Revisited","volume":"86","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00024","article-title":"The influence of maternal size on pre- and postnatal growth in the horse: III Postnatal growth","volume":"127","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12027","article-title":"Fetal growth and birth size is associated with maternal anthropometry and body composition","volume":"11","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/journals\/jpme\/48\/7\/article-p656.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2020-0085\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:37:47Z","timestamp":1619055467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2020-0085\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2020-0085","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-3997","0300-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]}}}