{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:56:59Z","timestamp":1762102619208},"reference-count":234,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>Pregnant women are more susceptible to certain infections; however, this increased susceptibility is not fully understood. Herein, systems biology approaches were utilized to elucidate how pregnancy modulates tissue-specific host responses to a bacterial product, endotoxin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Pregnant and non-pregnant mice were injected with endotoxin or saline on 16.5\u00a0dayspost coitum<\/jats:italic>(n=8\u201311 per group). The uterus, cervix, liver, adrenal gland, kidney, lung, and brain were collected 12\u00a0h after injection and transcriptomes were measured using microarrays. Heatmaps and principal component analysis were used for visualization. Differentially expressed genes between groups were assessed using linear models that included interaction terms to determine whether the effect of infection differed with pregnancy status. Pathway analysis was conducted to interpret gene expression changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We report herein a multi-organ atlas of the transcript perturbations in pregnant and non-pregnant mice in response to endotoxin. Pregnancy strongly modified the host responses to endotoxin in the uterus, cervix, and liver. In contrast, pregnancy had a milder effect on the host response to endotoxin in the adrenal gland, lung, and kidney. However, pregnancy did not drastically affect the host response to endotoxin in the brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Pregnancy imprints organ-specific host immune responses upon endotoxin exposure. These findings provide insight into the host-response against microbes during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]],"date-time":"2021-02-28T09:06:25Z","timestamp":1614503185000},"page":"700-722","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pregnancy-specific transcriptional changes upon endotoxin exposure in mice"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Motomura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , USA"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics , Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , USA"},{"name":"Detroit Medical Center , Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adi L.","family":"Tarca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research 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Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Arenas-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dustyn","family":"Levenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Slutsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaur-Dong","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD\/NIH\/DHHS), Bethesda, MD , and Detroit, MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit , MI , USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nardhy","family":"Gomez-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural 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