{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:49:21Z","timestamp":1785883761037,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0453_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To present the consequences of and risk factors for abnormal bleeding after ECV (external cephalic version).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0453_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective chart review at a single center in Japan. Abnormal bleeding was defined as vaginal bleeding and\/or intrauterine hemorrhage. We descriptively assessed birth outcomes among women with abnormal bleeding, and investigated the risk factors using a logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0453_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 477 women who received ECV, 39 (8.2%) showed abnormal bleeding, including 16 (3.4%) with intrauterine hemorrhage. Of the 16 women with intrauterine hemorrhage, 14 required emergency cesarean section; none experienced placental abruption, a low Apgar score at 5\u00a0min (&lt;7), or low umbilical cord artery pH (&lt;7.1). Among 23 women who had vaginal bleeding without intrauterine hemorrhage, four cases underwent emergency cesarean section and one case of vaginal delivery involved placental abruption. The risk of abnormal bleeding was higher in women with a maximum vertical pocket (MVP) of &lt;40\u00a0mm in comparison to those with an MVP of &gt;50\u00a0mm (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23\u20139.90), as was higher in women with unsuccessful ECV than in those with successful ECV (aOR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.95\u201310.6).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0453_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A certain number of women who underwent ECV had abnormal bleeding, including vaginal bleeding and\/or intrauterine hemorrhage, many of them resulted in emergency cesarean section. Although all of cases with abnormal bleeding had good birth outcomes, one case of vaginal bleeding was accompanied by placental abruption. Small amniotic fluid volume and unsuccessful ECV are risk factors for abnormal bleeding.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T21:13:21Z","timestamp":1616015601000},"page":"733-739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Risk factors and outcomes of abnormal bleeding after external cephalic version"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Matsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine , National Center for Child Health and Development , Tokyo , Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Jikei University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine , National Center for Child Health and Development , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aikou","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Jikei University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Sago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine , National Center for Child Health and Development , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040100392620289_j_jpm-2020-0453_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hofmeyr, GJ, Kulier, R, West, HM. External cephalic version for breech presentation at term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015:CD000083.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000084.pub3"},{"key":"2023040100392620289_j_jpm-2020-0453_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahomed, K, Seeras, R, Coulson, R. External cephalic version at term. A randomized controlled trial using tocolysis. BJOG 1991;98:8\u201313.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb10303.x"},{"key":"2023040100392620289_j_jpm-2020-0453_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collaris, RJ, Oei, SG. External cephalic version: a safe procedure? A systematic review of version-related risks. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004;83:511\u20138.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00347.x"},{"key":"2023040100392620289_j_jpm-2020-0453_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grootscholten, K, Kok, M, Oei, SG, Mol, BW, van der Post, JA. External cephalic version-related risks: a meta-analysis. 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