{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:16:19Z","timestamp":1789751779191,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0457_abs_001_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c15b1Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To report the normal fetal cardiac axis (CA) values at the time of the first trimester screening ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0457_abs_002_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c15b2Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Standardized images and measurement of the CA were obtained from 100 healthy fetuses between 11+0\u00a0and 13+6\u00a0weeks of gestation along with the nucal thichkness (NT), Crown\u2013rump length (CRL) and other measurements. We excluded cases with abnormal NT, later diagnosis of abnormalities, and suspected fetal cardiopathy during the pregnancy follow-up. Data analysis was performed after all the patients delivered and cardiopathy was excluded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0457_abs_003_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c15b3Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CA was measurable in all the cases. Higher CRL was associated with a decrease in the CA. The mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD embryonic\/fetal CA was 48\u00b15,2\u00b0, ranging from 39 to 60\u00b0, The 2.5 percentile was defined at 40\u00b0 and the 97.5 percentile at 59\u00b0. The Pearson test resulted in a significant correlation between CA and CRL with a coefficient R of 70% and p-value &lt;0.01.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2020-0457_abs_004_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c15b4Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CA tends to decrease at the 11 to 13+6 gestational ages. We defined 2.5 and 97.5% curves for the normal values of CA in our Middle Eastern population. A\u00a0larger study will be required to differentiate normal and\u00a0abnormal values for the early detection of heart abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T14:57:08Z","timestamp":1608649028000},"page":"496-499","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Normal values of cardiac axis (CA) measurements in healthy fetuses during the first trimester screening ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8810-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Assaad","family":"Kesrouani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department , St Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon"},{"name":"Bellevue Medical Center Hospital , Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department , St Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon"},{"name":"Bellevue Medical Center Hospital , Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Kharrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , St Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon"},{"name":"Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Choueiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department , St Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Daou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department , St Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Nasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellevue Medical Center Hospital , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040100375542931_j_jpm-2020-0457_ref_001_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McFadyen, A, Gledhill, J, Whitlow, B, Economides, D. 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