{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:52:28Z","timestamp":1793505148326,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2022-0320_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of salivary cortisol (SC) for the assessment of procedural pain intensity in preterm and term newborns.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2022-0320_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three groups of neonates (term, 37<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\u201341<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> weeks; moderate to late preterm, 32<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\u201336<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>; and very preterm, &lt;32<jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>) hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit were assessed for the study. Response to nappy change, lung ultrasound (LUS), and blood sampling was analyzed. The intensity of pain was evaluated using continuous heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) monitoring, Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), and SC concentrations. Saliva samples were collected before and 20\u00a0min after the procedure\u2019s end.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2022-0320_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seventy-one infants were examined: 30 term, 21 moderate to late preterm, and 20 very preterm. SC has increased significantly in response to nappy change only in very preterm newborns (2.13\u00a0ng\/mL [1.55\u20133.68] vs. 2.84\u00a0ng\/mL [1.93\u20139.06], p\u00a0=\u00a00.01). LUS did not affect concentrations of SC in any group. Significant increase in SC was observed after blood sampling in term and very preterm infants (2.2\u00a0ng\/mL [1.45\u20132.92] vs. 4.29\u00a0ng\/mL [3.88\u20135.73], p\u00a0=\u00a00.002, and 1.88\u00a0ng\/mL [1.47\u20134.13] vs. 5.3\u00a0ng\/mL [3.42\u20138.02], p\u00a0=\u00a00.002, respectively). A significant correlation between values of SC increase and NIPS scores was found (Spearman\u2019s rank correlation coefficient [r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>]\u00a0=\u00a00.31, p\u00a0=\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2022-0320_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We observed the increase in SC concentrations in response to painful stimulus. The presence of a correlation between NIPS scores and SC increase suggests that SC can be used as an objective parameter to assess pain in neonates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2022-0320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T18:44:45Z","timestamp":1666723485000},"page":"564-572","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of salivary cortisol concentrations for procedural pain monitoring in newborns"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krak\u00f3w , Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Pointinger-Tomasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krak\u00f3w , Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemko","family":"Kwinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krak\u00f3w , Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050402001738295_j_jpm-2022-0320_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Pain Society Quality of Care Committee. 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