{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:01:12Z","timestamp":1782507672232,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2023-0263_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adenomyosis is associated with unfavorable perinatal outcomes, and recent case reports show that some women with adenomyosis experience pain at the adenomyosis lesion during pregnancy and have detrimental perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of this pain and perinatal outcomes associated with this phenomenon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2023-0263_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a single-center retrospective analysis of pregnant women with adenomyosis. The incidence of pain onset at adenomyosis lesions, defined as persistent pain at the adenomyosis site with administration of analgesics for pain relief, and its association with perinatal outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2023-0263_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 91 singleton pregnancies with adenomyosis, 12 pregnancies (13.2\u202f%) presented with pain. One pregnancy resulted in second-trimester miscarriage, and 5 of the 11 pregnancies (45\u202f%) developed preeclampsia, which resulted in preterm delivery, and 3 of the 12 pregnancies (25\u202f%) achieved term delivery. The incidence of preeclampsia and preterm delivery was higher in those who experienced pain than in those without (45\u202f% [5\/11] vs. 15\u202f% [11\/74]; p&lt;0.05, and 73\u202f% [8\/11] vs. 34\u202f% [25\/74]; p&lt;0.05, respectively). Among women with pain, the maximum C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in women who developed preeclampsia than in those who did not (5.45 vs. 0.12\u202fmg\/dL, p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2023-0263_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study revealed that adenomyosis can cause pain in over one of eight pregnancies with adenomyosis, which may be associated with the increased incidence of preeclampsia resulting in preterm delivery. Women with pain, especially those with high C-reactive protein levels, may be at high risk for future development of preeclampsia and consequent preterm delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T11:20:31Z","timestamp":1702552831000},"page":"186-191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical characteristics and outcomes of women with adenomyosis pain during pregnancy: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Seisuke","family":"Sayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Iriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yotaro","family":"Takeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatake","family":"Toshimitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Ichinose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Seyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenbun","family":"Sone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Kumasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Nagamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , International University of Health and Welfare , Narita-shi , Chiba , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate of School of Medicine , Chiba University , Chiba-shi , Chiba , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Osuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burney, RO, Giudice, LC. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2012;98:511\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vannuccini, S, Tosti, C, Carmona, F, Huang, SJ, Chapron, C, Guo, SW, et al.. Pathogenesis of adenomyosis: an update on molecular mechanisms. Reprod Biomed Online 2017;35:592\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.06.016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.06.016"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mochimaru, A, Aoki, S, Oba, MS, Kurasawa, K, Takahashi, T, Hirahara, F. Adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with adenomyosis with uterine enlargement. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2015;41:529\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.12604.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12604"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashimoto, A, Iriyama, T, Sayama, S, Nakayama, T, Komatsu, A, Miyauchi, A, et al.. Adenomyosis and adverse perinatal outcomes: increased risk of second trimester miscarriage, preeclampsia, and placental malposition. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018;31:364\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2017.1285895.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1285895"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Razavi, M, Maleki-Hajiagha, A, Sepidarkish, M, Rouholamin, S, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Rezaeinejad, M. Systematic review and meta-analysis of adverse pregnancy outcomes after uterine adenomyosis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019;145:149\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.12799.","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12799"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shinohara, S, Okuda, Y, Hirata, S, Suzuki, K. Adenomyosis as a potential risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: a multicenter case-control study. Tohoku J Exp Med 2020;251:231\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1620\/tjem.251.231.","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.251.231"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nirgianakis, K, Kalaitzopoulos, DR, Schwartz, ASK, Spaanderman, M, Kramer, BW, Mueller, MD, et al.. Fertility, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of patients with adenomyosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2021;42:185\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.09.023.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.09.023"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashimoto, A, Iriyama, T, Sayama, S, Tsuruga, T, Kumasawa, K, Nagamatsu, T, et al.. Impact of endometriosis and adenomyosis on pregnancy outcomes. Hypert Res Preg 2019;7:50\u20135.","DOI":"10.14390\/jsshp.HRP2019-015"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashimoto, A, Iriyama, T, Sayama, S, Okamura, A, Kato, K, Fujii, T, et al.. Differences in the incidence of obstetric complications depending on the extent and location of adenomyosis lesions. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023;36:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2023.2226789.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2023.2226789"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, SH, Kim, JK, Chae, HD, Kim, CH, Kang, BM. Rapidly growing adenomyosis during the first trimester: magnetic resonance images. Fertil Steril 2006;85:1057\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.11.036.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.11.036"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hirashima, H, Ohkuchi, A, Usui, R, Kijima, S, Matsubara, S. Magnetic resonance imaging of degeneration of uterine adenomyosis during pregnancy and post-partum period. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018;44:1169\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.13629.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13629"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakanishi, M, Iriyama, T, Sayama, S, Hanaoka, S, Toshimitsu, M, Seyama, T, et al.. Pregnancy-induced hemorrhagic degeneration of adenomyosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022;48:1265\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.15195.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15195"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koike, T, Minakami, H, Kosuge, S, Usui, R, Matsubara, S, Izumi, A, et al.. Uterine leiomyoma in pregnancy: its influence on obstetric performance. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1999;25:309\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1447-0756.1999.tb01168.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.1999.tb01168.x"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coronado, GD, Marshall, LM, Schwartz, SM. Complications in pregnancy, labor, and delivery with uterine leiomyomas: a population-based study. Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:764\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0029-7844(99)00605-5.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200005000-00025"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldenberg, RL, Culhane, JF, Iams, JD, Romero, R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet 2008;371:75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(08)60074-4.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60074-4"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fenton, TR, Kim, JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr 2013;13:59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-13-59"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magee, LA, Brown, MA, Hall, DR, Gupte, S, Hennessy, A, Karumanchi, SA, et al.. The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022;27:148\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preghy.2021.09.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2021.09.008"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van den Bosch, T, Dueholm, M, Leone, FP, Valentin, L, Rasmussen, CK, Votino, A, et al.. Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of myometrium and uterine masses: a consensus opinion from the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) group. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;46:284\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.14806.","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14806"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dueholm, M, Lundorf, E. Transvaginal ultrasound or MRI for diagnosis of adenomyosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007;19:505\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/gco.0b013e3282f1bf00.","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3282f1bf00"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_020","unstructured":"Katz, VL, Dotters, DJ, Droegemeuller, W. Complications of uterine leiomyomas in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73:593\u20136."},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parazzini, F, Tozzi, L, Bianchi, S. Pregnancy outcome and uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2016;34:74\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2015.11.017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2015.11.017"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerdeira, AS, Tome, M, Moore, N, Lim, L. Seeing red degeneration in uterine fibroids in pregnancy: proceed with caution. Lancet 2019;394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)32322-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32322-0"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_023","unstructured":"Lee, HJ, Norwitz, ER, Shaw, J. Contemporary management of fibroids in pregnancy. Rev Obstet Gynecol 2010;3:20\u20137."},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, SC, Lee, NK, Yun, KY, Joo, JK, Suh, DS, Kim, KH. A rapidly growing adenomyosis associated with preterm delivery and postpartum abscess formation. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2016;55:620\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2015.02.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2015.02.008"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ichinose, M, Iriyama, T, Sayama, S, Toshimitsu, M, Seyama, T, Sone, K, et al.. Postpartum degeneration of adenomyosis with diffuse cyst-like changes and localized hemorrhage detected by sequential magnetic resonance imaging. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022;48:2973\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.15382.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15382"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhillion, P, Wallace, K, Herse, F, Scott, J, Wallukat, G, Heath, J, et al.. IL-17-mediated oxidative stress is an important stimulator of AT1-AA and hypertension during pregnancy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012;303:R353\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00051.2012.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00051.2012"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iriyama, T, Wang, W, Parchim, NF, Song, A, Blackwell, SC, Sibai, BM, et al.. Hypoxia-independent upregulation of placental hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha gene expression contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Hypertension 2015;65:1307\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hypertensionaha.115.05314.","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05314"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iriyama, T, Wang, W, Parchim, NF, Sayama, S, Kumasawa, K, Nagamatsu, T, et al.. Reciprocal upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and persistently enhanced placental adenosine signaling contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. FASEB J 2020;34:4041\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.201902583r.","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902583R"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruma, M, Boggess, K, Moss, K, Jared, H, Murtha, A, Beck, J, et al.. Maternal periodontal disease, systemic inflammation, and risk for preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:389. e1\u2013e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.002"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamadeh, R, Mohsen, A, Kobeissy, F, Karouni, A, Akoum, H. C-reactive protein for prediction or early detection of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021;86:13\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000515530.","DOI":"10.1159\/000515530"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolf, M, Kettyle, E, Sandler, L, Ecker, JL, Roberts, J, Thadhani, R. Obesity and preeclampsia: the potential role of inflammation. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;98:757\u201362, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0029-7844(01)01551-4.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200111000-00009"},{"key":"2026061814321974140_j_jpm-2023-0263_ref_032","unstructured":"Blanc, WA. Pathology of the placenta, membranes, and umbilical cord in bacterial, fungal, and viral infections in man. Monogr Pathol 1981;22:67\u2013132."}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T14:36:48Z","timestamp":1781793408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2023-0263","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.22541\/au.166746976.62381783\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0300-5577","1619-3997"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-5577","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-3997","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]}}}