{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T03:40:01Z","timestamp":1746243601221,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dengfeng project of talent training plan of Beijing Medical Management Center","award":["DFL20220601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFL20220601"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine in Fetal Heart Disease","award":["BZ0308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ0308"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, the central guiding local special","award":["Z231100007423010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z231100007423010"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program","award":["PX2022026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PX2022026"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2024-0577_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study endeavors to establish comprehensive normal reference ranges and Z score formulas for ductus venosus (DV) flow velocity parameters and calculated waveform indices across different gestational ages in low-risk fetuses. Furthermore, we aim to validate the predictive capabilities of these Z score calculation formulas in fetuses with diverse right heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2024-0577_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 8,953 singleton low-risk fetuses and 70 fetuses diagnosed with different types of right heart diseases were retrospectively enrolled. The DV blood flow velocities during the cardiac cycle (ventricular systolic wave velocity [S], ventricular diastolic wave velocity [D], atrial contraction wave velocity [A], and time-averaged maximum velocity [Tamx]) and calculated waveform indices (preload index [PLI], peak velocity index [PVI], pulsatility index [PI], S\/A, and S\/D) were obtained. Ninety low-risk fetuses were randomly selected as the control group to verify the predictive value of the Z score model for fetuses with different types of right heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2024-0577_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As gestational age increased (16\u201339\u00a0weeks), the mean values of S, D, A, and Tamx progressively increased; conversely, the mean values of PLI, PVI, PI, and S\/A decreased, respectively, and the median value of S\/D remained stable. The Z score-transformed A, PLI, PVI, PI, and S\/A could serve as predictors of overall right heart diseases. Different DV Doppler parameter Z scores exhibited varying predictive values for different subtypes of right heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2024-0577_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Normal reference ranges and corresponding Z score calculation formulas for DV hemodynamic parameters were established, which have demonstrated significant diagnostic values in identifying right heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2024-0577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T02:52:26Z","timestamp":1738810346000},"page":"491-502","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The reference ranges for fetal ductus venosus flow velocities and calculated waveform indices and their predictive values for right heart diseases"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinru","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Ultrasound Center , Northwest Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital , Xi\u2019an , Shaanxi , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hairui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiancheng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025050303033124714_j_jpm-2024-0577_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng, R, Xie, HN, Zhu, YX, Li, LJ, Du, L, Zheng, J. 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