{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T07:01:53Z","timestamp":1780124513001,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2025-0349_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Understanding the clinical factors influencing the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response during and after pregnancy is critical for optimizing maternal care and vaccination strategies. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate associations between maternal clinical characteristics and SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA antibody levels at\u00a0delivery and 42\u00a0days postpartum in unvaccinated pregnant\u00a0women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2025-0349_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 387 pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy were included. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed using real-time RT-PCR. Clinical data, including age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, pre-existing morbidities, and obstetric complications, were recorded. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA antibodies were quantified using ELISA at delivery and 42\u00a0days postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2025-0349_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher preconception BMI significantly correlated with increased odds of detecting IgG and IgA antibodies at both delivery and postpartum assessments (p&lt;0.05), independently of maternal age and chronic diseases. Women without chronic systemic diseases exhibited lower antibody levels at delivery, whereas smokers had significantly lower odds of IgG antibody presence at delivery. Additionally, pre-existing cardiovascular diseases were associated with reduced antibody presence at six weeks postpartum. Other clinical parameters did not show significant associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpm-2025-0349_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preconception BMI and pre-existing systemic diseases may modulate SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in pregnant women. These clinical factors should inform assessments of maternal and neonatal infection risks and guide vaccination strategies in pregnant populations. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2025-0349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T08:57:16Z","timestamp":1763283436000},"page":"173-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical factors in SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in unvaccinated mothers"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5591-0267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirjam","family":"Dru\u0161kovi\u010d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5223-7008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gorazd","family":"Kavsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1214-344X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vita Andreja","family":"Mesari\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8875-3133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Strukelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Organizational Sciences , University of Maribor , Kranj , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6243-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatjana","family":"Av\u0161i\u010c \u017dupanc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Cell Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2904-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alojz","family":"Ihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Cell Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2597-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja Premru","family":"Sr\u0161en","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026053006093742482_j_jpm-2025-0349_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sutton, D, Fuchs, K, D\u2019Alton, M, Goffman, D. 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