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An unresolved issue is exposure to high noise levels in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Strategies aimed at modifying the behavior of NICU personnel, along with structural improvements in incubator design, are required to reduce noise exposure. Light environment should be taken into consideration in designing new models of incubators. In fact, ambient NICU illumination may cause visual pathway sequelae or possibly retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), while premature exposure to continuous lighting may adversely affect the rest-activity patterns of the newborn. Accordingly, both the use of incubator covers and circadian lighting in the NICU might attenuate these effects. The impact of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on infant health is still unclear. However, future incubators should be designed to minimize the EMF exposure of the newborn.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2009.109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,10]],"date-time":"2009-07-10T14:57:17Z","timestamp":1247237837000},"page":"587-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["The infant incubator in the neonatal intensive care unit: unresolved issues and future developments"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Medicine, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 119, 09124 Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Porcella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Hospital of Sorgono, Corso IV Novembre, 08038 Sorgono, 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