{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:19:05Z","timestamp":1762409945964},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) commonly occurs in reproductive females, but is extremely rare in perimenopausal females. In this study, we reported a case of hydatidiform mole in a 48-year-old perimenopausal female admitted due to a giant uterine mass of 28 weeks\u2019 gestational size. The serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level ranged from 944 to 1,286\u2009mIU\/mL before treatments. The signs of preeclampsia and hyperthyroidism were relatively prominent. Hysterectomy was performed and chemotherapy was scheduled when the serum HCG level remained at a plateau, about 528\u2009mIU\/mL. The symptoms of preeclampsia and hyperthyroidism were relieved after treatment. Accordingly, we concluded that GTD could occur in perimenopausal woman and hysterectomy usually is the optimal treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2021-0315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T20:34:12Z","timestamp":1625949252000},"page":"1038-1042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Perimenopausal giant hydatidiform mole complicated with preeclampsia and hyperthyroidism: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100050 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing 100016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100050 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zengping","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100050 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"von Welser SF, Grube M, Ortmann O. Invasive mole in a perimenopausal woman: a case report and systematic review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;292:1193\u20139.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3777-z"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_002","unstructured":"Pirhonen J, Jarvi KJ, Vaha-Eskeli KK, Erkkola R. Hydatidiform mole in a 56-year-old woman. Ann Chir Gynaecol Suppl. 1994;208:62\u20133."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lok CA, Zurcher AF, van der Velden J. A case of a hydatidiform mole in a 56-year-old woman. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2005;15:163\u20136.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1048-891X.2005.14433.x"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taskin S, Cengiz B, Ortac F. Invasive mole in a postmenopausal woman. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;93:156\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.01.010"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Struthmann L, Gunthner-Biller M, Bergauer F, Friese K, Mylonas I. Complete hydatidiform mole in a perimenopausal woman with a subsequent severe thyriotoxicosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009;279:411\u20133.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-008-0734-0"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehrotra S, Singh U, Chauhan S. Molar pregnancy in postmenopausal women: a rare phenomenon. BMJ Case Rep. 2012;2012:1\u20133.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-006213"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akyol A, \u015eim\u015fek M, \u00dc\u00e7er \u00d6. Giant invasive mole presenting as a cause of abdominopelvic mass in a perimenopausal woman: an unusual presentation of a rare pathology. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2016;59:548\u201353.","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.2016.59.6.548"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_008","unstructured":"Zhao J, Xiang Y. Vaginal bleeding caused by perimenopausal trophoblast disease. Chin J Pract Gynecol Obstet. 2012;28:736\u20139."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_009","unstructured":"Xie Y, Qin P, Xie Y. Ultrasonographic features and clinical outcome analysis of hydatidiform mole in perimenopausal women. J China-Japan Friendship Hospital. 2006;20:88\u201390."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain R, Agrawal S, Baid M. \u201cHigh\u2011dose hook effect\u201d-negative urine \u03b2\u2011HCG in molar pregnancy. Trop J Obstet Gynaecol. 2019;36:156\u20139.","DOI":"10.4103\/TJOG.TJOG_58_18"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeung C, Cheung A. Negative pregnancy test in patients with trophoblastic diseases. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2014;3:102\u20136.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13669-013-0067-2"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Er TK, Jong YJ, Tsai EM, Huang CL, Chou HW, Zheng BH, et al. False-negative pregnancy test in hydatidiform mole. Clin Chem. 2006;52:1616\u20138.","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.068056"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katie W, Sarah F, Mike M, Sarah CF, Lucy CC, Guideline C. Diagnosis and management of hypertension inpregnancy: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ. 2019;366:l5119.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l5119"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_014","unstructured":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines for the management of hypertension during pregnancy (2020). Chin J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55:227\u201338."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao P, Lu Y, Huang W, Tong B, Lu W. Total hysterectomy versus uterine evacuation for preventing post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in patients who are at least 40 years old: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer. 2019;19:13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5168-x"},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_016","unstructured":"Wang L, Lin Z. Similarities and differences and analysis of the FIGO tumor report of pregnancy trophoblastic disease (2018) update and NCCN (2019) guidelines. J Pract Obstet Gynecol. 2019;35:424\u20138."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_017","unstructured":"Elias KM, Goldstein DP, Berkowitz RS. Complete hydatidiform mole in women older than age 50. J Reprod Med. 2010;55:208\u201312."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_018","unstructured":"Cagayan MS, Magallanes MS. The role of adjuvant surgery in the management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. J Reprod Med. 2008;53:513\u20138."},{"key":"2022091918191485867_j_med-2021-0315_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Q, Fu J, Hu L, Fang F, Xie L, Chen H, et al. Prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole to prevent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. 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