{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:12:37Z","timestamp":1779887557429,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Qualitative and quantitative testing of ethanol in\n                      <jats:italic>post-mortem<\/jats:italic>\n                      samples is an important analytical procedure that provides accurate, precise, and reliable results. Given the complexity of the issue, obtaining a realistic picture of lifelong alcoholemia requires supporting blood ethanol findings with analyses of alternative samples, primarily vitreous humor (VH).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to develop and validate a headspace gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (HS\/GC-FID) method for determining ethanol concentration in VH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conditions for the HS\/GC-FID method were established and the method was validated according to the guidelines of the European Medicines Agency. Validation parameters such as precision, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and linearity over a wide concentration range were evaluated through statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The method demonstrated precision, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Additionally, it proved to be linear across a wide concentration range and relatively fast, making it suitable for rapid and routine determination of ethanol concentration in VH, particularly for forensic applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results from validation and application of the method to VH samples indicate that ethanol concentration in VH can be reliably determined using the presented HS\/GC-FID method, making it a valuable tool in forensic investigations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2024-1123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T02:40:57Z","timestamp":1736908857000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development and validation of headspace gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector method for the determination of ethanol in the vitreous humor"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2795-3034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Mihajlovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , 34000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1682-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Andri\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , 34000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6327-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u017divana","family":"Slovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , 34000 , Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac , Kragujevac , 34000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5728-4441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Vujovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis , Nis , 18000 , Serbia"},{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine in Nis , Nis , 18000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3297-4777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Piskuli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac , Radoja Domanovi\u0107a 12 , Kragujevac , 34000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5653-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sne\u017eana","family":"\u0110or\u0111evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicological Chemistry, National Poison Control Center, Military Medical Academy , Belgrade , 11000 , Serbia"},{"name":"Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense , Belgrade , 11000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122201303423456_j_med-2024-1123_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sj\u00f6gren H, Eriksson A, Ahlm K. 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