{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:47:03Z","timestamp":1782323223682,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_med-2026-1464_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a major pregnancy complication with largely unknown causes. Carbohydrate metabolism (CM) disorders can affect the progression of endothelial cell senescence (ES), thereby leading to placental dysfunction. However, research on the interplay between CM and ES in RSA is limited. This study aims to identify key genes at the intersection of CM- and ES-related pathways in RSA via various bioinformatics methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_med-2026-1464_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Datasets GSE165004 (training) and GSE26787 (validation) were downloaded from the GEO database. ES- and CM-related genes were obtained from previous literature. Key genes were obtained through WGCNA, two machine learning algorithms, gene expression analysis in the training and validation datasets, and RT-qPCR analysis. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to assess the diagnostic potential of key\u00a0genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_med-2026-1464_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two genes (BDH1, PIK3C2G) were recognized as key genes in RSA, which were upregulated in RSA. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that the key genes were negatively correlated with three distinct immune cell types. Both genes are linked to the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. They were predicted to interact with two transcription factors (FOXL1 and YY1) and several chemicals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_med-2026-1464_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identifies BDH1 and PIK3C2G as candidate genes associated with CM and ES-related pathways in\u00a0RSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2026-1464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T16:53:55Z","timestamp":1782320035000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discovery and validation of key genes and potential mechanisms linked to endothelial cell senescence and carbohydrate metabolism in recurrent spontaneous abortion"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0504-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology , Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang Children\u2019s Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5384-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology , Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang Children\u2019s Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0426-6729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianshun","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology , Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang Children\u2019s Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8458-9036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology , Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang Children\u2019s Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Q, Chen, S, Dong, X, Fu, S, Zhang, T, Zheng, W, et al.. The progress of research on genetic factors of recurrent pregnancy loss. Genet Res 2023;2023:9164374\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/9164374.","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9164374"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melo, P, Dhillon-Smith, R, Islam, MA, Devall, A, Coomarasamy, A. Genetic causes of sporadic and recurrent miscarriage. Fertil Steril 2023;120:940\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.08.952.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.08.952"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tise, CG, Byers, HM. Genetics of recurrent pregnancy loss: a review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2021;33:106\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000695.","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000695"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Athar, A, Kashyap, P, Khan, S, Sattar, RSA, Khan, SA, Prasad, S, et al.. Genetic landscape of thrombophilia in recurrent miscarriages. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2024;67:435\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5468\/ogs.22084.","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.22084"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, T, Liao, X, Zhu, S. Recent advances in treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2022;77:355\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ogx.0000000000001033.","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0000000000001033"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mou, JT, Huang, SX, Yu, LL, Xu, J, Deng, QL, Xie, YS, et al.. Identification of genetic polymorphisms in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion based on whole exome sequencing. Ann Transl Med 2022;10:603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm-22-2179.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-2179"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, G, Aroor, AR, Jia, C, Sowers, JR. Endothelial cell senescence in aging-related vascular dysfunction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019;1865:1802\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.08.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.08.008"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikolajevic, J, Ariaee, N, Liew, A, Abbasnia, S, Fazeli, B, Sabovic, M. The role of MicroRNAs in endothelial cell senescence. Cells 2022;11:1185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11071185.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11071185"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, SJ, Tang, ZH, Wang, Y, Tang, XY, Li, TH, Tang, W, et al.. Potential protective effects of red yeast rice in endothelial function against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Chin J Nat Med 2019;17:50\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1875-5364(19)30009-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(19)30009-3"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tur-Torres, MH, Garrido-Gimenez, C, Alijotas-Reig, J. Genetics of recurrent miscarriage and fetal loss. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017;42:11\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2017.03.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2017.03.007"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du, W, Ren, L, Hamblin, MH, Fan, Y. Endothelial cell glucose metabolism and angiogenesis. Biomedicines 2021;9:147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines9020147.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9020147"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stabenow, LK, Zibrova, D, Ender, C, Helbing, DL, Spengler, K, Marx, C, et al.. Oxidative glucose metabolism promotes senescence in vascular endothelial cells. Cells 2022;11:2213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11142213.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11142213"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, L, Li, M, Li, H. High glucose promotes and aggravates the senescence and dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells in\u00a0women\u00a0with hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Biomolecules 2024;14:329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom14030329.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14030329"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, ZY, Chen, SL, Qin, XR, Lin, SL, Xu, Y, Lu, LN, et al.. Changes and related factors of blood CCN1 levels in diabetic patients. Front Endocrinol 2023;14:1131993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1131993.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1131993"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, N, Wei, L, Liu, D, Zhang, Q, Xia, X, Ding, L, et al.. Identification and validation of autophagy-related genes in diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol 2022;13:867600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.867600.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.867600"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y, Yang, Y, Liu, J, Zeng, Y, Guo, Q, Guo, J, et al.. Establishment and validation of a carbohydrate metabolism-related gene signature for prognostic model and immune response in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Immunol 2022;13:1038570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1038570.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1038570"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Z, Uhl, B, Gires, O, Reichel, CA. A transcriptomic pan-cancer signature for survival prognostication and prediction of immunotherapy response based on endothelial senescence. J\u00a0Biomed Sci 2023;30:21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12929-023-00915-5.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-023-00915-5"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ritchie, ME, Phipson, B, Wu, D, Hu, Y, Law, CW, Shi, W, et al.. Limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-Sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res 2015;43:e47. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkv007.","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito, K, Murphy, D. Application of ggplot2 to pharmacometric graphics. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2013;2:e79\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/psp.2013.56.","DOI":"10.1038\/psp.2013.56"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu, Z. Complex heatmap visualization. Imeta 2022;1:e43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/imt2.43.","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.43"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanzelmann, S, Castelo, R, Guinney, J. GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-Seq data. BMC Bioinf 2013;14:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langfelder, P, Horvath, S. WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis. BMC Bioinf 2008;9:559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, G, Wang, LG, Han, Y, He, QY. ClusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS 2012;16:284\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2011.0118.","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Engebretsen, S, Bohlin, J. Statistical predictions with glmnet. Clin Epigenet 2019;11:123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13148-019-0730-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0730-1"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z, Zhao, Y, Canes, A, Steinberg, D, Lyashevska, O. Written on behalf of AMEB-DCTCG. Predictive analytics with gradient boosting in clinical medicine. Ann Transl Med 2019;7:152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm.2019.03.29.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.03.29"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J, Wang, H, Cao, F, Cheng, Y. A bioinformatics analysis for diagnostic roles of the E2F family in esophageal cancer. J\u00a0Gastrointest Oncol 2022;13:2115\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jgo-22-855.","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-22-855"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ru, B, Wong, CN, Tong, Y, Zhong, JY, Zhong, SSW, Wu, WC, et al.. TISIDB: an integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions. Bioinformatics 2019;35:4200\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz210.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz210"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charoentong, P, Finotello, F, Angelova, M, Mayer, C, Efremova, M, Rieder, D, et al.. Pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses reveal genotype-immunophenotype relationships and predictors of response to checkpoint blockade. Cell Rep 2017;18:248\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.019.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.019"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, F, Gao, W, Li, Y, Wang, Y, Liu, L, Zhang, X. Potential biomarkers and endometrial immune microenvironment in recurrent implantation failure. Biomolecules 2023;13:406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom13030406.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13030406"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, L, Wang, L, Wang, L, Yan, S, Chen, S, Xu, Q, et al.. Identification and validation of immune cells and hub genes alterations in recurrent implantation failure: a GEO data mining study. Front Genet 2022;13:1094978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2022.1094978.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1094978"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_032","unstructured":"Revelle, W. Psych: procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research; 2018."},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shannon, P, Markiel, A, Ozier, O, Baliga, NS, Wang, JT, Ramage, D, et al.. Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks. Genome Res 2003;13:2498\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/gr.1239303.","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, BT, Teng, FY, Wu, Q, Wan, SR, Li, XY, Tan, XZ, et al.. Bdh1 overexpression ameliorates hepatic injury by activation of Nrf2 in a MAFLD mouse model. Cell Death Discov 2022;8:49. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41420-022-00840-w.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-00840-w"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, W, Chong, K, Huang, Y, Huang, C, Yin, L. Empagliflozin improves mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating ketone body metabolism and oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2024;69:103010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2023.103010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.103010"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whatley, EG, Truong, TT, Harvey, AJ, Gardner, DK. Acetoacetate and \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate reduce mouse embryo viability via differential metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms. Reprod Biomed Online 2023;46:20\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2022.09.018.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2022.09.018"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tran, CS, Kersten, J, Yan, J, Breinig, M, Huth, T, Poth, T, et al.. Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase III alpha governs cytoskeletal organization for invasiveness of liver cancer cells. Gastroenterology 2024;167:522\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.04.009.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.04.009"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daimon, M, Sato, H, Oizumi, T, Toriyama, S, Saito, T, Karasawa, S, et al.. Association of the PIK3C2G gene polymorphisms with type 2 DM in a Japanese population. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008;365:466\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.10.180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.10.180"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_039","unstructured":"Li, A, Chen, H, Lin, M, Zhang, C, Tang, E, Peng, J, et al.. PIK3C2G copy number is associated with clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015;8:1137\u201343."},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, D, Sun, W, Gao, M, Chen, Z, Ma, X. Immunologic insights in recurrent spontaneous abortion: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Biomed Pharmacother 2024;177:117082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117082.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117082"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lingblom, C, Andersson, J, Andersson, K, Wenneras, C. Regulatory eosinophils suppress T\u00a0cells partly through Galectin-10. J\u00a0Immunol 2017;198:4672\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1601005.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601005"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, X, Jiang, Y, Wang, L, Li, Z, Li, Q, Feng, X. Advances in understanding the immune imbalance between T-Lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in recurrent spontaneous abortion. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018;78:677\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-0634-1813.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0634-1813"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adib Rad, H, Basirat, Z, Mostafazadeh, A, Faramarzi, M, Bijani, A, Nouri, HR, et al.. Evaluation of peripheral blood NK cell subsets and cytokines in unexplained recurrent miscarriage. J\u00a0Chin Med Assoc 2018;81:1065\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcma.2018.05.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2018.05.005"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ou, M, Luo, L, Yang, Y, Yan, N, Yan, X, Zhong, X, et al.. Decrease in peripheral natural killer cell level during early pregnancy predicts live birth among women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024;230:675 e1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.10.042.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.10.042"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muralidhara, P, Sood, V, Vinayak Ashok, V, Bansal, K. Pregnancy and tumour: the parallels and differences in regulatory T\u00a0cells. Front Immunol 2022;13:866937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.866937.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.866937"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, S, Majid, S, Niamat Ali, M, Taing, S. Evaluation of T\u00a0cell cytokines and their role in recurrent miscarriage. Int Immunopharmacol 2020;82:106347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106347.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106347"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung, N, Khan, SA, Yiu, ME, Jubiz, G, Salazar, MD, Skariah, A, et al.. Reproductive outcomes of women with recurrent pregnancy losses and repeated implantation failures are significantly improved with\u00a0immunomodulatory treatment. J\u00a0Reprod Immunol 2021;148:103369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103369.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103369"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Sheikh, YA, Ghneim, HK, Alharbi, AF, Alshebly, MM, Aljaser, FS, Aboul-Soud, MAM. Molecular and biochemical investigations of key antioxidant\/oxidant molecules in Saudi patients with recurrent miscarriage. Exp Ther Med 2019;18:4450\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2019.8082.","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.8082"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tong, Y, Xu, S, Huang, L, Chen, C. Obesity and insulin resistance: pathophysiology and treatment. Drug Discov Today 2022;27:822\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.11.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.11.001"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kretschmer, T, Schulze-Edinghausen, M, Turnwald, EM, Janoschek, R, Bae-Gartz, I, Zentis, P, et al.. Effect of maternal obesity in mice on IL-6 levels and placental endothelial cell homeostasis. Nutrients 2020;12:296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12020296.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020296"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, Y, Wang, J, Liu, C, Wu, S, Zhou, M, Zhang, Y, et al.. KLF4 regulates trophoblast function and associates with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. J\u00a0Transl Med 2024;22:922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05707-5.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05707-5"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y, He, S, Huang, Q, Yang, J, Yang, C, Ding, J. The roles of YY1 in reproductive system: an overview. Chem Biol Interact 2025;417:111560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2025.111560.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2025.111560"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, A, Zhong, L, Lv, J. FOXL1 overexpression is associated with poor outcome in patients with glioma. Oncol Lett 2019;18:751\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2019.10351.","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.10351"},{"key":"2026062416534589285_j_med-2026-1464_ref_054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miyashita, N, Horie, M, Suzuki, HI, Saito, M, Mikami, Y, Okuda, K, et al.. FOXL1 regulates lung fibroblast function via multiple mechanisms. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020;63:831\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1165\/rcmb.2019-0396OC.","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2019-0396OC"}],"container-title":["Open Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/med-2026-1464\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/med-2026-1464\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T16:55:19Z","timestamp":1782320119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/med-2026-1464\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/med-2026-1464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/med-2026-1464","relation":{},"ISSN":["2391-5463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2391-5463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"article-number":"20261464"}}