{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T21:37:53Z","timestamp":1779399473955,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide existing in two variant forms (of either 27 or 38 residues), widely present in numerous organs and evoking multiple effects both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution pattern of PACAP-27 expression in the ovine pancreas. Using double immunohistochemical stainings co-localizations of PACAP-27 with galanin, SP or CRF were studied in intrapancreatic neurons. In intrapancreatic ganglia, immunoreactivty to PACAP-27 was found in 87.6 \u00b1 5.4% of PGP 9.5-positive intrapancreatic neurons but not in intraganglionic nerve fibres. Numerous PACAP-27-immunoreactive nerve terminals were also observed between pancreatic acini and around small arterioles. No immunoreactivity to PACAP-27 was found in the endocrine pancreas. In 42.9 \u00b1 6.2% of PACAP-27-immunoreactive intrapancreatic neurons the expression of galanin was also found. Statistically lower subpopulation (12.4 \u00b1 4.0%) of intrapancreatic neurons exhibited simultaneously the immunoreactivity to PACAP-27 and SP. The expression of CRF was detected in the relatively smallest group (3.2 \u00b1 1.4%) of PACAP-27-positive intrapancreatic neurons. The present results suggest that in the ovine pancreas PACAP-27 may play an important role as mediator of pancreatic functions. In PACAP-related pancreatic activities, a modulatory role of galanin, SP and to a lower extend of CRF is also likely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/pjvs-2015-0044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T07:49:10Z","timestamp":1436860150000},"page":"343-350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide-27 (PACAP-27) is co-stored with galanin, substance P and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) in intrapancreatic ganglia of the sheep"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"M.B.","family":"Arciszewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mozel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Sienkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.73","article-title":"Do adenylate cyclase - 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activating polypeptide expression during culture of guinea - pig cardiac ganglia","author":"Girard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref141","first-page":"299","article-title":"Hannibal adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide in intrinsic and extrinsic nerves of the rat pancreas","author":"Fahrenkrug","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pituitary Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref531","first-page":"705","article-title":"Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide in dorsal root ganglia following axotomy : time course and coexistence","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref221","first-page":"767","article-title":"terminals containing PACAP - and VIP - immunoreactivity form synapses with CRF - immunoreactive neurons in the dorsolateral division of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the rat","author":"Kozicz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3109\/07435808509035427","article-title":"- releasing factor its action on the islets of Langerhans","volume":"11","author":"Moltz","year":"1985","journal-title":"Endocr Res"},{"key":"ref751","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(93)90131-Y","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of PACAP in the ovine digestive system","volume":"14","author":"K\u00f6ves","year":"1993","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"262","article-title":"MT adenylate cyclase activating peptide in the enteropancreatic innervation","author":"Kirchgessner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pituitary Anat Rec"},{"key":"ref521","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of on the canine endocrine pancreas in vivo : interaction with cholinergic mechanism Can","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref641","first-page":"167","article-title":"receptors in insulin producing tissues localization effects","author":"Filipsson","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref1051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.109.001370","article-title":"adenylate cyclase - 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expression of PACAP with in the porcine nodose ganglion sensory neurons","author":"Rytel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"106","article-title":"HM adenylate cyclase activating polypeptides stimulators of electrogenic ion secretion in the rat small intestine","author":"Cox","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pituitary Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref851","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide and type receptor in the rat gastric and colonic myenteric neurons","author":"Miampamba","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref1031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(84)90084-6","article-title":"Stimulation of insulin secretion by corticotropin - releasing factor in anesthetized rats","author":"Torres","year":"1984","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref771","first-page":"921","article-title":"Synaptic interaction between galanin immunoreactive neurons and axon terminals immunopositive for VIP and PACAP in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the rat","author":"Kozicz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1556\/ABiol.58.2007.2.2","article-title":"MB Cholinergic innervation of the pancreas in the sheep","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Biol Hung"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"1","article-title":"in the porcine pancreas occurrence localization effects","author":"Tornze","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref841","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90529-3","article-title":"Autoradiographic distribution of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide binding sites in the rat","volume":"126","author":"Masuo","year":"1991","journal-title":"brain Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref1061","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of on the canine endocrine pancreas in vivo : interaction with cholinergic mechanism Can","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref561","first-page":"189","article-title":"MB a co - localization study on the ovine pancreas innervation","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"ref631","first-page":"266","article-title":"Adrenal responses to the peptide PACAP in conscious functionally hypophysectomized calves","author":"Edwards","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"921","article-title":"The inhibitory effect of on ovulation is mediated by CRF and endogenous opioids","author":"K\u00e1ntor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref391","first-page":"115","article-title":"Effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide on exocrine and endocrine secretion in the ovine pancreas","author":"Onaga","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref861","first-page":"164","article-title":"Isolation of a novel residue - hypothalamic polypeptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells","author":"Miyata","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref701","first-page":"25","article-title":"acts as a trophic factor to the central and peripheral nervous systems","author":"Hobson","year":"2010","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"167","article-title":"receptors in insulin producing tissues localization effects","author":"Filipsson","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref381","first-page":"143","article-title":"Effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on sensory neuropeptide release and neurogenic inflammation in rats and mice","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2013.2235","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of two pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptors","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199211000-00001","article-title":"von Sch\u00f6nfeld and inhibitory effects of galanin on exocrine and endocrine rat pancreas","author":"R\u00fcnzi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"139","article-title":"adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide activate common and distinct intracellular signaling pathways to stimulate growth hormone secretion from porcine somatotropes","volume":"27","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pituitary Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide and type receptor in the rat gastric and colonic myenteric neurons","author":"Miampamba","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"25","article-title":"acts as a trophic factor to the central and peripheral nervous systems","author":"Hobson","year":"2010","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"ref451","first-page":"87","article-title":"Sensory substance P innervation of the stomach and pancreas Demonstration of capsaicin - sensitive sensory neurons in the rat by combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde tracing","author":"Sharkey","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref341","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effects of axotomy and preganglionic denervation on the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide galanin type receptors in the rat superior cervical ganglion","author":"Moller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref1071","first-page":"705","article-title":"Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide in dorsal root ganglia following axotomy : time course and coexistence","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref581","first-page":"1","article-title":"water channel is expressed on submucosal but not myenteric neurons from the ovine duodenum","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"ref691","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2013.2235","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of two pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptors","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref621","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.113","article-title":"mediates the anxiogenic and anti - rewarding but not the anorectic effects of","author":"Dore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.113","article-title":"mediates the anxiogenic and anti - rewarding but not the anorectic effects of","author":"Dore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref371","first-page":"865","article-title":"Effects of PACAP secretin on pancreatic and gastrointestinal blood flow in conscious dogs","author":"Naruse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref871","first-page":"170","article-title":"Isolation of a neuropeptide corresponding to the terminal residues of the pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide with residues","author":"Miyata","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05029.x","article-title":"The axotomy - induced neuropeptides galanin and pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating peptide promote axonal sprouting of primary afferent and cranial motor neurones","volume":"24","author":"Suarez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref661","first-page":"136","article-title":"Distribution molecular characterization of pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide and its precursor encoding messenger RNA in human and rat tissues","author":"Ghatei","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90529-3","article-title":"Autoradiographic distribution of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide binding sites in the rat","volume":"126","author":"Masuo","year":"1991","journal-title":"brain Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref741","first-page":"262","article-title":"MT adenylate cyclase activating peptide in the enteropancreatic innervation","author":"Kirchgessner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pituitary Anat Rec"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(84)90084-6","article-title":"Stimulation of insulin secretion by corticotropin - releasing factor in anesthetized rats","author":"Torres","year":"1984","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.63.841","article-title":"- like immunoreactive neural elements in domestic ruminant pancreas","author":"Baltazar","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref601","first-page":"106","article-title":"HM adenylate cyclase activating polypeptides stimulators of electrogenic ion secretion in the rat small intestine","author":"Cox","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pituitary Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref651","first-page":"269","article-title":"adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide occurrence in rodent pancreas and effects on insulin and glucagon secretion in the mouse","author":"Fridolf","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pituitary Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"195","article-title":"Cloning of a splice variant of the pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide type receptor","author":"Svoboda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"189","article-title":"MB a co - localization study on the ovine pancreas innervation","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"269","article-title":"adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide occurrence in rodent pancreas and effects on insulin and glucagon secretion in the mouse","author":"Fridolf","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pituitary Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref321","first-page":"164","article-title":"Isolation of a novel residue - hypothalamic polypeptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells","author":"Miyata","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref611","first-page":"202","article-title":"Distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide pituitary adenylate cyclase - 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expression of PACAP with in the porcine nodose ganglion sensory neurons","author":"Rytel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"ref941","first-page":"696","article-title":"de Dipsogenic effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide injected into the lateral hypothalamus","author":"Puig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref991","first-page":"87","article-title":"Sensory substance P innervation of the stomach and pancreas Demonstration of capsaicin - sensitive sensory neurons in the rat by combined immunohistochemistry and retrograde tracing","author":"Sharkey","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"288","article-title":"Pituitary adenylate cyclase - activating polypeptide promotes both survival and neuritogenesis in PC cells through activation of nuclear factor \u0119B \u0119B pathway : involvement of extracellular signal - regulated kinase calcium","author":"Manecka","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref821","first-page":"288","article-title":"Pituitary adenylate cyclase - 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