{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T07:54:08Z","timestamp":1721030048485},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the presence of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons and co-localisation of CART with vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (n-NOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P (SP) and leu-enkephalin (LENK) in the enteric nervous system of the porcine gastric cardia by using a double-labelling immunofluorescence technique. CART-LI neurons were observed in the myenteric plexus (18.2\u00b12.6%). A dense network of CART-LI nerve fibers was mainly observed in the muscular layer. CART showed co-localization mainly with VAChT, n-NOS, VIP and to a lesser degree with LENK and SP. Distribution of CART and its co-localization with other neurotransmitters suggest that this peptide plays an important role in gastric motility in the pig.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/pjvs-2015-0067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,30]],"date-time":"2015-11-30T12:01:41Z","timestamp":1448884901000},"page":"515-522","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Distribution and chemical coding patterns of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons in the enteric nervous system of the porcine stomach cardia"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"R\u0119kawek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sobiech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gonkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"\u017barczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Snarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Wa\u015bniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wojtkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref671","first-page":"115","article-title":"Identification and location of the cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript CART in the abomasum of cattle","author":"Janiuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Histochem"},{"key":"ref361","first-page":"353","article-title":"Neurochemical coding of enteric neurons in the guinea pig stomach","author":"Schemann","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"ref821","first-page":"72","article-title":"Phenotyping of sympathetic chain ganglia neurons in porcine colitis","author":"Skobowiat","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref841","first-page":"489","article-title":"Cocaine - and amphetamine - regulated transcript stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptor activation and peripheral cholinergic pathways in fed conscious rats Neurogastroenterol","volume":"16","author":"Tebbe","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201000320","article-title":"Recent advances in the use of Sus scrofa as a model system for proteomic studies","volume":"11","author":"Verma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref891","first-page":"43","article-title":"MB Immunoreactivity to cocaine - and amphetamine - regulated transcript in the enteric nervous system of the pig and wild boar stomach","author":"Zacharko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"ref641","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-965164","article-title":"CART - peptide immunoreactivity in enteric nerves in patients with Hirschsprung s disease","volume":"17","author":"Gunnarsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2006.00744.x","article-title":"The distribution and chemical coding of intramural neurons supplying the porcine stomach - 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and amphetamine - regulated transcript - like immunoreactivity ( CART in intramural ganglia of porcine urinary bladder trigone","author":"Zacharko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Weter"},{"key":"ref461","first-page":"65","article-title":"PO control in the colon and rectum","volume":"93","author":"Andersson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vascular J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"262","article-title":"Stimulation of nitric oxide from muscle cells by prejunctional enhancement of VIP release","author":"Grider","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"245","article-title":"Isolation of a sialogogic peptide from bovine hypothalamic tissue and its characterization as substance","author":"Chang","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref701","first-page":"419","article-title":"Cocaine and amphetamine - regulated transcript : identification and distribution in human gastrointestinal tract Agents","volume":"26","author":"Kasacka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol"},{"key":"ref831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00510a038","article-title":"Isolation and sequence analysis of a somatostatin - 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induced changes in galanin - like immunoreactive ( GAL nerve structures in the porcine descending colon","author":"Gonkowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflammation Acta Vet Hung"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02471.1995","article-title":"differential display identifies a rat brain mRNA that is transcriptionally regulated by cocaine and amphetamine","volume":"15","author":"Douglass","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref691","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2006.00744.x","article-title":"The distribution and chemical coding of intramural neurons supplying the porcine stomach - the study on normal pigs and on animals suffering from swine dysentery","author":"Kaleczyc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"128","article-title":"The control of gut motility","author":"Olsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Mol"},{"key":"ref861","first-page":"8","article-title":"Characterisation of CART - 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induced changes in galanin - like immunoreactive ( GAL nerve structures in the porcine descending colon","author":"Gonkowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflammation Acta Vet Hung"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1556\/AVet.57.2009.4.5","article-title":"Distribution of cocaine - and amphetamine - regulated transcript - like immunoreactive ( CART nerve structures in the porcine large intestine","author":"Gonkowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Vet Hung"},{"key":"ref491","first-page":"208","article-title":"nerve stimulation : from epilepsy to the cholinergic anti - inflammatory pathway Neurogastroenterol","volume":"25","author":"Bonaz","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-002-0863-7","article-title":"oxide synthase isoenzyme activities in a premature piglet model of necrotizing enterocolitis : effects of nitrergic manipulation","volume":"18","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nitric Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"ref451","first-page":"124","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide in the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid mice model of Crohn s disease","author":"Abad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref01","first-page":"124","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide in the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid mice model of Crohn s disease","author":"Abad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref761","first-page":"128","article-title":"The control of gut motility","author":"Olsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Mol"},{"key":"ref581","first-page":"312","article-title":"Distribution and chemical coding of cocaine - 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and amphetamine - regulated transcript - like immunoreactivity ( CART in intramural ganglia of porcine urinary bladder trigone","author":"Zacharko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Weter"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00510a038","article-title":"Isolation and sequence analysis of a somatostatin - like polypeptide from ovine hypothalamus","volume":"20","author":"Spiess","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref231","first-page":"447","article-title":"The hypothalamic satiety peptide CART is expressed in anorectic and non - anorectic pancreatic islet tumors and in the normal islet of Langerhans","author":"Jensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"38","article-title":"Immunodetection of cocaine - and amphetamine - regulated transcript in the rumen reticulum omasum and abomasum of the sheep","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540004800303","article-title":"qualitative and quantitative study on the enkephalinergic innervation of the pig gastrointestinal tract","author":"Porcher","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"545","article-title":"Cocaine and amphetamine - 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