{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T01:19:01Z","timestamp":1774142341348,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seroprevalence studies of RHDV antibodies in domestic rabbits were conducted between 2008-2014. A total of 12,169 sera from the provinces of central, southern and south-east Poland, including 7,570 samples collected from mixed-breed rabbits reared in smallholder farms and nearly 4,600 sera taken mainly from unvaccinated rabbits kept in industrial farms, were examined using ELISA tests. Additionally, cross-reactivity of selected tested and control archival sera using both classic RHDV and RHDVa antigens was determined by HI assay. The overall seroprevalence was 13.3%. In rabbits with unkown history of immunisation or RHD infection which came from small farms, RHDV antibodies were detected in 6.1% ranging between 1.0% to 17.2% of animals. In rabbits of the same group, but with a declared vaccination status, or confirmed exposure to an infectious virus, or coming from exposed females, the seroprevalence ranged from 83% to 100%. Among unvaccinated meat rabbits aged 71 to 90 days from industrial farms, low (1.85%, 4.17%, 11%), medium (34%, 54%) or high rates (98.7%) of seropositivity were detected. The seroconversion recorded in adult vaccinated females from industrial farms was 70% and 95%. Generally, the antibody levels examined by ELISAs and HI were comparable. However, a number of sera from the rabbits from small farms, as well as archival sera, showed clear differences. Several-fold differences in antibody titers, evidenced mainly in the postoutbreak sera, indictaed the contact of animals with RHDVa antigen. The overall results of the survey revealed a great proportion of seronegative rabbits potentially highly susceptible to RHD infection. In combination with the emergence of a novel pathogenic RHD virus type (RHDV2), it poses a severe risk of a next wave of fatal disease cases spreading in the native population of domestic rabbits, especially in farms with a traditional system of husbandry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/pjvs-2016-0075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]],"date-time":"2016-10-19T10:02:47Z","timestamp":1476871367000},"page":"597-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Serological Survey for RHD Antibodies in Rabbits from Two Types of Rabbit Breeding Farms"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Fitzner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Niedbalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(98)00106-3","article-title":"further step in the evolution of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus : the appearance of the first consistent antigenic variant","author":"Capucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"140","article-title":"Seroconversion in an industrial unit of rabbits infected with a non - pathogenic rabbit haemorrhagic disease - like virus","author":"Capucci","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.140517","article-title":"Ecosystem effects of variant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus Peninsula","volume":"20","author":"Delibes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(95)00051-B","article-title":"Serologic comparison of four isolates of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus","author":"Berninger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"ref391","first-page":"53","article-title":"Characterisation and immunogenic properties of Polish strains of RHD virus Vet","author":"Fitzner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1337","article-title":"Rabbit haemorrhagic disease field epidemiology and the management of wild rabbit populations","volume":"21","author":"Cooke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(98)00106-3","article-title":"further step in the evolution of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus : the appearance of the first consistent antigenic variant","author":"Capucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(95)00051-B","article-title":"Serologic comparison of four isolates of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus","author":"Berninger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8614","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.12.8614-8623.1996","article-title":"Detection and preliminary characterization of a new rabbit calicivirus related to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus but nonpathogenic","author":"Capucci","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"44","article-title":"Emergence of a new lagovirus related to Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus","author":"Le Gall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-12","article-title":"der Loo Rabbit haemorrhagic disease and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus a","volume":"43","author":"Abrantes","year":"2012","journal-title":"review Vet Res"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8614","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.12.8614-8623.1996","article-title":"Detection and preliminary characterization of a new rabbit calicivirus related to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus but nonpathogenic","author":"Capucci","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref331","first-page":"140","article-title":"Seroconversion in an industrial unit of rabbits infected with a non - pathogenic rabbit haemorrhagic disease - like virus","author":"Capucci","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.140517","article-title":"Ecosystem effects of variant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus Peninsula","volume":"20","author":"Delibes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"429","article-title":"Impact of viral hemorrhagic disease on a wild population of European rabbits in","author":"Marchandeau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dis"},{"key":"ref221","first-page":"429","article-title":"Impact of viral hemorrhagic disease on a wild population of European rabbits in","author":"Marchandeau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dis"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1337","article-title":"Rabbit haemorrhagic disease field epidemiology and the management of wild rabbit populations","volume":"21","author":"Cooke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"ref141","first-page":"53","article-title":"Characterisation and immunogenic properties of Polish strains of RHD virus Vet","author":"Fitzner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref151","first-page":"40","article-title":"Application of the ELISA for the virologic and serologic diagnosis of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits Vet","author":"Fitzner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"155","article-title":"Effects of vaccination against viral haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis on long - term mortality rates of European wild rabbits","author":"Calvete","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref451","first-page":"253","article-title":"new viral disease in rabbits Vet","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"ref261","article-title":"Anon World Organisation for Chapter Rabbit haemorrhagic disease ( Version adopted in In Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals th ed","volume":"7","author":"May","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Health"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"1993","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of partial capsid protein gene of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus strains isolated between in Vet","author":"Chroboci\u0144ska","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"605","article-title":"Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus : serological evidence of a non - virulent RHDV - like virus in south - western Australia","volume":"31","author":"Bruce","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"124","article-title":"Use of ELISAs in field studies of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Australia","author":"Cooke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"266","article-title":"Clinical and anatomopathological features of rabbits peste ( Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits Wet","author":"G\u00f3rski","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"1988","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus outbreaks in France during to","author":"Le Gall","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"155","article-title":"Effects of vaccination against viral haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis on long - term mortality rates of European wild rabbits","author":"Calvete","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.7.3331-3336.1990","article-title":"Identification and characterization of the virus causing rabbit hemorrhagic disease","author":"Ohlinger","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"605","article-title":"Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus : serological evidence of a non - virulent RHDV - like virus in south - western Australia","volume":"31","author":"Bruce","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res"},{"key":"ref411","first-page":"266","article-title":"Clinical and anatomopathological features of rabbits peste ( Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits Wet","author":"G\u00f3rski","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"253","article-title":"new viral disease in rabbits Vet","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"206","article-title":"Serological evaluation of antibody titres to rabbit haemorrhagic disease","author":"Majer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Weter"},{"key":"ref441","first-page":"44","article-title":"Emergence of a new lagovirus related to Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus","author":"Le Gall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"ref461","first-page":"206","article-title":"Serological evaluation of antibody titres to rabbit haemorrhagic disease","author":"Majer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Weter"},{"key":"ref351","first-page":"1993","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of partial capsid protein gene of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus strains isolated between in Vet","author":"Chroboci\u0144ska","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref401","first-page":"40","article-title":"Application of the ELISA for the virologic and serologic diagnosis of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits Vet","author":"Fitzner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Inst"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3331","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.7.3331-3336.1990","article-title":"Identification and characterization of the virus causing rabbit hemorrhagic disease","author":"Ohlinger","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref431","first-page":"1988","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus outbreaks in France during to","author":"Le Gall","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref361","first-page":"124","article-title":"Use of ELISAs in field studies of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Australia","author":"Cooke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref271","first-page":"76","article-title":"Serological response against myxoma virus and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in European wild rabbits using commercial vaccines","author":"Arenas","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-43-12","article-title":"der Loo Rabbit haemorrhagic disease and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus a","volume":"43","author":"Abrantes","year":"2012","journal-title":"review Vet Res"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Anon World Organisation for Chapter Rabbit haemorrhagic disease ( Version adopted in In Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals th ed","volume":"7","author":"May","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Health"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"76","article-title":"Serological response against myxoma virus and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in European wild rabbits using commercial vaccines","author":"Arenas","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/content.sciendo.com\/view\/journals\/pjvs\/19\/3\/article-p597.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/pjvs.2016.19.issue-3\/pjvs-2016-0075\/pjvs-2016-0075.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]],"date-time":"2022-07-10T18:17:50Z","timestamp":1657477070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.pan.pl\/dlibra\/publication\/121014\/edition\/105415\/content"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/pjvs-2016-0075","relation":{},"ISSN":["2300-2557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2300-2557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]}}}