{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:45:48Z","timestamp":1777574748104,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Himalaya Institute of Medical Science, Swami Rama Himalaya University","award":["SRHU\/HIMS\/RC\/2017\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRHU\/HIMS\/RC\/2017\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_pp-2021-0111_abs_001_w2aab3b7c20b1b6b1aab1c15b1Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pleural effusion, defined as an abnormal accumulation of fluid in pleural space, can be of two types: transudative and exudative. The primary aim of the study was to assess the predictive accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in comparison to other biochemical markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_pp-2021-0111_abs_002_w2aab3b7c20b1b6b1aab1c15b2Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on patients with pleural effusion. Multiple comparisons and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were made to evaluate the diagnostic significance of biochemical markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_pp-2021-0111_abs_003_w2aab3b7c20b1b6b1aab1c15b3Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-six patients with exudative pleural effusion classified as malignant, tuberculous, and parapneumonic effusions (malignant pleural effusion [MPE], tuberculous [TPE], and parapneumonic [PPE]) were included. Significant differences in pleural fluid levels in both PCT (p-value: 0.001) and PTX-3(p-value: 0.001), as well as serum levels of PCT (p-value: 0.001), were observed between the three groups. ROC analysis showed both PTX-3 and PCT having favorable discrimination ability with high sensitivity (\u226590%) and specificity to predict PPE from TPE and MPE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_pp-2021-0111_abs_004_w2aab3b7c20b1b6b1aab1c15b4Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluation of serum and pleural fluid PCT and levels of PTX-3 in the pleural fluid may be used as an early biomarker to differentiate the etiology of pleural effusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/pp-2021-0111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T16:34:11Z","timestamp":1618763651000},"page":"83-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of procalcitonin and pentraxin-3 as early biomarkers for differential diagnosis of pleural effusions"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Himalaya Institute of Medical Science, Swami Rama Himalaya University , Dehradun , Uttrakhand , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apurva","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RNT Medical College, Rajasthan University of Health Science , Udaipur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girish","family":"Sindhwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Rishikesh , Uttrakhand , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geetanjali Medical College, Geetanjali University , Udaipur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sojit","family":"Tomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Jodhpur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaykaran","family":"Charan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Jodhpur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dharmveer","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Jodhpur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8324-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Praveen","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Jodhpur , Rajasthan , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120909232922953_j_pp-2021-0111_ref_001_w2aab3b7c20b1b6b1ab2b1b1Aa","unstructured":"Fishman, AP, Elias, JA, Fishman, JA, Michael, GA, Robert, SM, Pack, AI. 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