{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T06:10:02Z","timestamp":1748758202104,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Musculoskeletal injury exerts a significant burden on US industry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in the California (CA) film and motion picture (FMP) industry which may result in unforeseen morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We reviewed the workers\u2019 compensation (WC) claims database of the Workers\u2019 Compensation Insurance Rating Bureau of California (WCIRB) and employment statistics through the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). We analyzed the frequency, type, body part affected, and cause of musculoskeletal injuries.<\/jats:p><jats:p>From 2003 to 2009, there were 3505 WC claims of which 94.4% were musculoskeletal. In the CA FMP industry, the most common injuries were strains (38.4%), sprains (12.2%), and fractures (11.7%). The most common sites of isolated injury were the knee (18.9%), lower back (15.0%), and ankle (8.6%). Isolated musculoskeletal spine injuries represented 19.3% of all injuries. The most common causes of injury were work-directed activity (36.0%) and falls (25.5%).<\/jats:p><jats:p>We present the first report on the unique profile of musculoskeletal injury claims in the FMP industry. This data provides direction for improvement of workplace safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2015-0023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]],"date-time":"2016-01-20T19:50:56Z","timestamp":1453319456000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injury in the California film and motion picture industry"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Kusnezov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Yazdanshenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eddie","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arya N.","family":"Shamie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2006.09.015","article-title":"Effectiveness of workstation design on reducing musculoskeletal risk factors and symptoms among semiconductor fabrication room workers","volume":"37","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Ind Ergonom"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e512","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1977","article-title":"An Evaluation of the Motion Picture Association of America\u2019s Treatment of Violence in PG-PG-13\u2013, and R-Rated Films","volume":"115","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2008.11.001","article-title":"High-quality controlled trials on preventing episodes of back problems: systematic literature review in working-age adults","volume":"9","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-010-9231-y","article-title":"Occupational safety and health interventions to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms in the health care sector","volume":"20","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"volume-title":"Workers\u2019 compensation: Benefits, coverage, and costs","year":"2012","key":"ref241"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31815d8d9d","article-title":"Return to work and degree of recovery among injured workers in California\u2019s Workers\u2019 Compensation system","volume":"50","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31822005d0","article-title":"Workplace health protection and promotion: a new pathway for a healthier \u2013 and safer \u2013 workforce","volume":"53","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"first-page":"449","volume-title":"Workers\u2019 compensation: occupational injury insurance\u2019s influence on the workplace. 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