{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:02:20Z","timestamp":1768284140101,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children\u2019s exposures to chemical and non-chemical stressors from their everyday environment affects their overall health and well-being. American-Indian\/Alaska-Native (AI\/AN) children may have a disproportionate burden of stressors from their built and natural environments when compared to children from other races\/ethnicities. Our objectives were to identify chemical and non-chemical stressors from AI\/AN children\u2019s built and natural environments and evaluate their linkages with health and well-being outcomes from the peer reviewed literature. Library databases (e.g. PubMed) were searched to identify studies focused on these stressors. References were excluded if they: did not discuss AI\/AN children or they were not the primary cohort; discussed tribes outside the United States (U.S.); were reviews or intervention studies; or did not discuss stressors from the built\/natural environments. Out of 2539 references, 35 remained. Sample populations were predominantly (70%) in New York (NY) and Alaska (AK); 14 studies reported on the same cohort. Studies with matching stressors and outcomes were few, ruling out a quantitative review. Respiratory and developmental outcomes were the main outcomes evaluated. Primary non-chemical stressors were residential proximity to polluted landscapes, lack of indoor plumbing, and indoor use of wood for heating or cooking. The main chemical stressors were volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),<jats:italic>p,p<\/jats:italic>\u2032-DDE, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lead, and mercury. Our qualitative review was suggestive of a potential increase in respiratory illness from indoor wood use or no plumbing, which can be used as a guide to promote healthy environments for AI\/AN children. We identified limited studies (&lt;40), demonstrating this population as understudied. Future studies need to consider: sample populations from other tribes in the U.S., stressors outside the household, other elements of the natural environment, and an evaluation of stressors from AI\/AN children\u2019s total environment (built, natural, and social).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T09:01:44Z","timestamp":1536224504000},"page":"349-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Review of built and natural environment stressors impacting American-Indian\/Alaska-Native children"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8044-7934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nirmalla","family":"Barros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ORISE, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, NC , USA , Fax: +919-541-0905"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolle S.","family":"Tulve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Heggem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Las Vegas, NV , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Research and Development, Office of Science Policy, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_001_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen Hubal EA, Sheldon LS, Burke JM, McCurdy TR, Berry MR, Rigas ML, et al. Children\u2019s exposure assessment: a review of factors influencing children\u2019s exposure, and the data available to characterize and assess that exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108(6):475\u201386.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.108-1638158"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_002_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faustman EM, Silbernagel SM, Fenske RA, Burbacher TM, Ponce RA. Mechanisms underlying children\u2019s susceptibility to environmental toxicants. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108(Suppl 1):13\u201321.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108s113"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_003_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiss B. Vulnerability of children and the developing brain to neurotoxic hazards. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108(Suppl 3):375\u201381.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108s3375"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_004_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldman LR. Children-unique and vulnerable. Environmental risks facing children and recommendations for response. Environ Health Perspect 1995;103(Suppl 6):13\u20138.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.95103s613"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_005_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b5Aa","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for developmental toxicity risk assessment. Risk Assessment Forum, 1991."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_006_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b6Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tulve NS, Ruiz JDC, Lichtveld K, Darney SP, Quackenboss JJ. Development of a conceptual framework depicting a child\u2019s total (built, natural, social) environment in order to optimize health and well-being. J Environ Health Sci 2016;2(2):1\u20138.","DOI":"10.15436\/2378-6841.16.1121"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_007_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b7Aa","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Concepts, Methods and data sources for cumulative health risk assessment of multiple chemicals, exposures and effects: a resources document, 2007."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_008_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b8Aa","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidance on selecting age groups for monitoring and assessing childhood exposures to environmental contaminants. Risk Assessment Forum, 2005."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_009_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2b9Aa","unstructured":"Indian Health Service (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Trends in Indian Health. 2014 edition. Available at: https:\/\/www.ihs.gov\/dps\/index.cfm\/publications\/trends2014\/. Accessed: July 31, 2018."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_010_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c10Aa","unstructured":"Indian Health Service (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Environmental Health Services. Available at: https:\/\/www.ihs.gov\/newsroom\/factsheets\/environmentalhealthservices\/."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_011_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c11Aa","unstructured":"Burnette CEP, Figley CRP. Risk and protective factors related to the wellness of American Indian and Alaska Native youth: a systematic review. Intl Public Health J 2016;8:137\u201354."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_012_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c12Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Green HJ. Risks and attitudes associated with extra-cultural placement of American Indian children: a critical review. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 1983;22(1):63\u20137.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198301000-00010"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_013_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c13Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinges NG, Trimble JE, Hollenbeck AR. American Indian adolescent socialization: a review of the literature. J Adolesc 1979;2(4):259\u201396.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-1971(79)80035-4"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_014_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c14Aa","unstructured":"Stevens DC, Hanson J, Prasek JL, Elliott A. Breastfeeding: a review of the benefits for American Indian women. S D Med 2009;61:448\u201351."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_015_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c15Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 2009;6:e1000097.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_016_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c16Aa","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles \u2013 American Indian\/Alaska Native Areas\/Hawaiian Home Lands 2017. Available at: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/geo\/maps-data\/data\/cbf\/cbf_aiannh.html."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_017_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c17Aa","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. TIGER\/Line Shapefile, 2017, Nation, U.S., Current American Indian\/Alaska Native\/Native Hawaiian Areas National (AIANNH) National. Available at: https:\/\/catalog.data.gov\/dataset\/tiger-line-shapefile-2017-nation-u-s-current-american-indian-alaska-native-native-hawaiian-area."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_018_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c18Aa","unstructured":"Petersen KM, Singleton RJ, Leonard L. A qualitative study of the importance and etiology of chronic respiratory disease in Alaska Native children. Alaska Med 2003;45(1):14\u201320."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_019_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbreath S, Kass PH. Fetal and neonatal deaths and congenital anomalies associated with open dumpsites in Alaska Native villages. Int J Circumpolar Health 2006;65(2):133\u201347.","DOI":"10.3402\/ijch.v65i2.18088"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_020_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruden DJT, Singleton R, Hawk CS, Bulkow LR, Bentley S, Anderson LJ, et al. Eighteen years of respiratory syncytial virus surveillance changes in seasonality and hospitalization rates in southwestern Alaska Native children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2015;34(9):945\u201350.","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000772"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_021_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bulkow LR, Singleton RJ, DeByle C, Miernyk K, Redding G, Hummel KB, et al. Risk factors for hospitalization with lower respiratory tract infections in children in rural Alaska. Pediatrics 2012;129(5):E1220\u20137.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1943"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_022_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gessner BD. Lack of piped water and sewage services is associated with pediatric lower respiratory tract infection in Alaska. J Pediatr 2008;152(5):666\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.10.049"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_023_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hennessy TW, Ritter T, Holman RC, Bruden DL, Yorita KL, Bulkow L, et al. The relationship between in-home water service and the risk of respiratory tract, skin, and gastrointestinal tract infections among rural Alaska natives. Am J Public Health 2008;98(11):2072\u20138.","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.115618"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_024_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c24Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morris K, Morgenlander M, Coulehan JL, Gahagen S, Arena VC. Wood-burning stoves and lower respiratory tract infection in American Indian children. Am J Dis Child 1990;144(1):105\u20138.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1990.02150250117047"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_025_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c25Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reisman J, Rudolph K, Bruden D, Hurlburt D, Bruce MG, Hennessy T. Risk factors for pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx in Alaska Native adults and children. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2014;3(2):104\u201311.","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/pit069"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_026_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c26Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wenger JD, Zulz T, Bruden D, Singleton R, Bruce MG, Bulkow L, et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Alaskan children impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the role of water supply. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010;29(3):251\u20136.","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181bdbed5"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_027_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c27Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbreath S, Kass PH. Adverse birth outcomes associated with open dumpsites in Alaska native villages. Am J Epidemiol 2006;164(6):518\u201328.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj241"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_028_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c28Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ware DN, Lewis J, Hopkins S, Boyer B, Montrose L, Noonan CW, et al. Household reporting of childhood respiratory health and air pollution in rural Alaska Native communities. Int J Circumpolar Health 2014;73:24324.","DOI":"10.3402\/ijch.v73.24324"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_029_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c29Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robin LF, Lees PSJ, Winget M, Steinhoff M, Moulton LH, Santhosham M, et al. Wood-burning stoves and lower respiratory illnesses in Navajo children. Pediatr Infect Dis 1996;15(10):859\u201365.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199610000-00006"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_030_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c30Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singleton R, Salkoski AJ, Bulkow L, Fish C, Dobson J, Albertson L, et al. Housing characteristics and indoor air quality in households of Alaska Native children with chronic lung conditions. Indoor Air 2016;27:478\u201386.","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12315"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_031_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c31Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Surdu S, Montoya LD, Tarbell A, Carpenter DO. Childhood asthma and indoor allergens in Native Americans in New York. Environ Health 2006;5:22. doi: 10.1186\/1476-069X-5-22.","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-5-22"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_032_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c32Aa","unstructured":"Goldcamp EM, Hendricks KJ, Layne LA, Myers JR. Nonfatal injuries to household youth on racial minority-operated farms in the U.S. 2000. J Agric Saf Health 2006;12(4):315\u201324."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_033_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c33Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldcamp EM, Hendricks KJ, Layne LA, Myers JR. Nonfatal injuries to household youth on Native American operated farms in the U.S. 2000. J Agromedicine 2006;11(3-4):61\u20139.","DOI":"10.1300\/J096v11n03_07"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_034_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c34Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schell LM, Gallo MV, DeCaprio AP, Hubicki L, Denham M, Ravenscroft J. Thyroid function in relation to burden of PCBs, p,p\u2032-DDE, HCB, mirex and lead among Akwesasne Mohawk youth: a preliminary study. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2004;18(2):91\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2004.01.010"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_035_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c35Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schell LM, Gallo MV, Denham M, Ravenscroft J, DeCaprio AP, Carpenter DO. Relationship of thyroid hormone levels to levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, p,p\u2032-DDE, and other toxicants in Akwesasne Mohawk youth. Environ Health Perspect 2008;116(6):806\u201313.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10490"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_036_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c36Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schell LM, Gallo MV, Ravenscroft J, DeCaprio AP. Persistent organic pollutants and anti-thyroid peroxidase levels in Akwesasne Mohawk young adults. Environ Res 2009;109(1):86\u201392.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.08.015"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_037_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c37Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman J, Aucompaugh AG, Schell LM, Denham M, DeCaprio AP, Gallo MV, et al. PCBs and cognitive functioning of Mohawk adolescents. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2006;28(4):439\u201345.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2006.03.001"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_038_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c38Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman J, Gallo MV, Schell LM, DeCaprio AP, Denham M, Deane GD, et al. Analysis of PCB congeners related to cognitive functioning in adolescents. Neurotoxicology 2009;30(4):686\u201396.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2009.05.006"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_039_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c39Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman J, Behforooz B, Khuzwayo AG, Gallo MV, Schell LM, Akwesasne task force on the environment. PCBs and ADHD in Mohawk adolescents. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2014;42:25\u201334.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2014.01.005"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_040_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c40Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denham M, Schell LM, Deane G, Gallo MV, Ravenscroft J, DeCaprio AP. Relationship of lead, mercury, mirex, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls to timing of menarche among Akwesasne Mohawk girls. Pediatrics 2005;115(2):e127\u201334.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1161"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_041_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c41Aa","unstructured":"Ernst P, Thomas D, Becklake MR. Respiratory survey of North American Indian children living in proximity to an aluminum smelter. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986;133(2):307\u201312."},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_042_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c42Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallo MV, Schell LM, DeCaprio AP, Jacobs A. Levels of persistent organic pollutant and their predictors among young adults. Chemosphere 2011;83(10):1374\u201382.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.02.071"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_043_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c43Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schell LM, Hubicki LA, DeCaprio AP, Gallo MV, Ravenscroft J, Tarbell A, et al. Organochlorines, lead, and mercury in Akwesasne Mohawk youth. Environ Health Perspect 2003;111(7):954\u201361.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5990"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_044_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c44Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malcoe LH, Lynch RA, Kegler MC, Skaggs VJ. Lead sources, behaviors, and socioeconomic factors in relation to blood lead of Native American and White children: a community-based assessment of a former mining area. Environ Health Perspect 2002;110:221\u201331.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s2221"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_045_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c45Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitzgerald EF, Hwang S-A, Bush B, Cook K, Worswick P. Fish consumption and breast milk PCB concentrations among Mohawk women at Akwesasne. Am J Epidemiol 1998;148(2):164\u201372.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009620"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_046_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c46Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitzgerald EF, Hwang S-A, Langguth K, Cayo M, Yang B-Z, Bush B, et al. Fish consumption and other environmental exposures and their associations with serum PCB concentrations among Mohawk women at Akwesasne. Environ Res 2004;94(2): 160\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(03)00133-6"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_047_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c47Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong CS, Xiao J, Casey AC, Bush B, Fitzgerald EF, Hwang SA. Mono-ortho-and non-ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk from Mohawk and control women: effects of maternal factors and previous lactation. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1994;27(3):431\u20137.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00213183"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_048_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c48Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitzgerald EF, Hwang S-A, Deres DA, Bush B, Cook K, Worswick P. The association between local fish consumption and DDE, mirex, and HCB concentrations in the breast milk of Mohawk women at Akwesasne. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2001;11(5):381.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500180"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_049_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c49Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orr M, Bove F, Kaye W, Stone M. Elevated birth defects in racial or ethnic minority children of women living near hazardous waste sites. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2002;205(1-2):19\u201327.","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00126"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_050_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c50Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shields LM, Wiese W, Skipper B, Charley B, Banally L. Navajo birth outcomes in the Shiprock uranium mining area. Health Phys 1992;63(5):542\u201351.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-199211000-00005"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_051_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c51Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monheit SG, Leavitt RC, Akers P, Wong E. Health hazard assessment for Native Americans exposed to the herbicide fluridone via the ingestion of tules at Clear Lake, California, USA. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 2008;14(5):1056\u201369.","DOI":"10.1080\/10807030802387788"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_052_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c52Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue J, Liu SV, Zartarian VG, Geller AM, Schultz BD. Analysis of NHANES measured blood PCBs in the general US population and application of SHEDS model to identify key exposure factors. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2014;24(6):615\u201321.","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2013.91"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_053_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c53Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loewenherz C, Fenske RA, Simcox NJ, Bellamy G, Kalman D. Biological monitoring of organophosphorus pesticide exposure among children of agricultural workers in central Washington state. Environ Health Perspect 1997;105(12):1344\u201353.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.971051344"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_054_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c54Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorann S. Fatal unintentional injuries among Kentucky farm children: 1979 to 1985. J Rural Health 1989;5(3):246\u201356.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-0361.1989.tb00985.x"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_055_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c55Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivara FP. Fatal and nonfatal farm injuries to children and adolescents in the United States. Pediatrics 1985;76(4):567\u201373.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.4.567"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_056_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c56Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salmi LR, Weiss HB, Peterson PL, Spengler RF, Sattin RW, Anderson HA. Fatal farm injuries among young children. Pediatrics 1989;83(2):267\u201371.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.83.2.267"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_057_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c57Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merchant JA, Naleway AL, Svendsen ER, Kelly KM, Burmeister LF, Stromquist AM, et al. Asthma and farm exposures in a cohort of rural Iowa children. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113(3):350\u20136.","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7240"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_058_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c58Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Postma J, Butterfield PW, Odom-Maryon T, Hill W, Butterfield PG. Rural children\u2019s exposure to well water contaminants: implications in light of the American Academy of Pediatrics\u2019 recent policy statement. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 2011;23(5):258\u201365.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7599.2011.00609.x"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_059_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c59Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Probst JC, Laditka SB, Wang J-Y, Johnson AO. Effects of residence and race on burden of travel for care: cross sectional analysis of the 2001 US National Household Travel Survey. BMC Health Serv Res 2007;7(1):40.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-7-40"},{"key":"2021021420110004671_j_reveh-2018-0034_ref_060_w2aab3b7c27b1b6b1ab2b2c60Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wells NM, Evans GW. Nearby nature: a buffer of life stress among rural children. Environ Behav 2003;35(3):311\u201330.","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916503035003001"}],"container-title":["Reviews on Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/reveh.2018.33.issue-4\/reveh-2018-0034\/reveh-2018-0034.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T20:44:37Z","timestamp":1661978677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/reveh-2018-0034","relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-0308","0048-7554"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-0308","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0048-7554","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]]}}}