{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:00:38Z","timestamp":1790992838691,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have projected the renin-angiotensin system as a central component of the physiological and pathological processes of assorted neurological disorders. Its primary effector hormone, angiotensin II (Ang II), not only mediates the physiological effects of vasoconstriction and blood pressure regulation in cardiovascular disease but is also implicated in a much wider range of neuronal activities and diseases, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease, neuronal injury, and cognitive disorders. Ang II produces different actions by acting on its two subtypes of receptors (AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and AT<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>); however, the well-known physiological actions of Ang II are mainly mediated through AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptors. Moreover, recent studies also suggest the important functional role of AT<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptor in the brain. Ang II acts on AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptors and conducts its functions via MAP kinases (ERK1\/2, JNK, and p38MAPK), glycogen synthase kinase, Rho\/ROCK kinase, receptor tyrosine kinases (PDGF and EGFR), and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases (Src, Pyk2, and JAK\/STAT). AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>R-mediated NADPH oxidase activation also leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species, widely implicated in neuroinflammation. These signaling cascades lead to glutamate excitotoxicity, apoptosis, cerebral infarction, astrocyte proliferation, nociception, neuroinflammation, and progression of other neurological disorders. The present review focuses on the Ang II-triggered signal transduction pathways in central nervous system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2015-0041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,17]],"date-time":"2015-11-17T17:00:57Z","timestamp":1447779657000},"page":"301-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Angiotensin II-triggered kinase signaling cascade in the central nervous system"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Anjana","family":"Bali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amteshwar Singh","family":"Jaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref1091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2013.778242","article-title":"Fasudil and its analogs: a new powerful weapon in the long war against central nervous system disorders? 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