{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T07:54:04Z","timestamp":1769932444977,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Background. Syncope is a commonly encountered problem in an emergency hospital. Global cerebral hypoperfusion is the final pathway common to all presentations of syncope, but this symptom presentation has a broad differential diagnosis. It is important to identify patients for whom syncope is a symptom of a potentially life-threatening condition.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Material and methods. We identified adult patients presenting with syncope to the Emergency Department of our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014. Of 590 patients found in the hospital database we further selected 217 patients who met our criteria, namely having a positive diagnosis of syncope (being clearly distinguished from other TLOCs) and an etiology of the disease. Thus, definite diagnosis was established retrospectively by reviewing medical records.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results. The demographics of our group shows a slightly different distribution between men and women (49% men and 51% women) and a majority of the urban population (67%). As for the age range, most of our patients were in the age group of 70-80 years (30%), 29% were &gt; 80 years old, and the percentage decreases significantly in the 60-70 years range (17%). The most frequent causes of syncope were cardiac (32%), vasovagal (23%) and due to orthostatic hypotension (12%), but we have also found various cases of mixt or iatrogenic causes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions. The incidence of syncope increases sharply after 70 years of age and poses special consideration in light of multiple comorbid conditions, age-related changes, atypical presentation, and concomitant medication use. The most common causes of syncope in this population are cardiac causes, orthostatic hypotension and carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Often, root cause of syncope remains undiagnosed, despite exhaustive diagnostic testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/rjim-2016-0023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]],"date-time":"2016-03-21T11:16:02Z","timestamp":1458558962000},"page":"173-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Etiology of Syncope in an Emergency Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Elisabeta","family":"B\u0103dil\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania Romania"},{"name":"\u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Negrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"R\u00eep\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania Romania"},{"name":"\u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Barto\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania Romania"},{"name":"\u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"T\u00eerziu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department \u2013 Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_001_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. MOYA A., SUTTON R., AMMIRATI F., et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009). Eur Heart J. 2009; 30:2631-71.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp298"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_002_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. EASTON J.D., SAVER J.L., ALBERS GW., et al. Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists. Stroke 2009; 40:2276-93.","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.192218"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_003_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. CASTLE J., MLYNASH M., LEE K., et al. Agreement regarding diagnosis of transient ischemic attack fairly low among stroketrained neurologists. Stroke 2010; 41:1367-70.","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.577650"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_004_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. BRIGNOLE M., ALBONI P., BENDITT D., et al. Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2001; 22:1256-306.","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2739"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_005_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab5Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. JHANJEE R., VAN DIJK G., SAKAGUCHI S., BENDITTD G. Syncope in adults: terminology, classification and diagnostic strategy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2006; 29(2):1160-1169.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2006.00508.x"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_006_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab6Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. BUZEA C.A., DAN A.R., DAN G.A. Incidence and hospitalization rate of syncope in a non-emergency hospital. Romanian Journal of Neurology 2013; 13:113-7.","DOI":"10.37897\/RJN.2013.3.2"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_007_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab7Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. COSTANTINO G. et al. Short- and long-term prognosis of syncope, risk factors, and role of hospital admission results from the STePS (Short-Term Prognosis of Syncope) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 51(3):276-83.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.08.059"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_008_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab8Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. BLANC J., et al. Prospective evaluation and outcome of patients admitted for syncope over a 1 year period. Eur Heart J. 2002; 23: 815-20.","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2975"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_009_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ab9Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. WAGNER P., BUCHER H.C., BUCHELI B., BATTEGAY E., MARTINA B. Predictors of hospitalization in emergency department patients with syncope. Eur J Int Med 2002; 11:39-44.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-6205(99)00070-9"},{"key":"2021040609520112664_j_rjim-2016-0023_ref_010_w2aab2b8c15b1b7b1ab1ac10Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. SOTERIADES E.S., et al. Incidence and prognosis of syncope. 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