{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T07:45:43Z","timestamp":1776671143385,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0024_s_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) are assumed to reflect descending pain inhibition. Potential interactions between EIH and CPM may be important in the therapy of chronic pain, as reduced CPM and increased pain after exercise are frequently observed. This study compared the EIH response after CPM was activated using a cold pressor task with the EIH response after a control condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0024_s_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one participants (age: 27.7\u00b19.8; 15 female) completed two sessions: a cold pressor task (CPT) session, i.e. testing EIH with preceding CPM activation induced using a 2 min CPT at approximately 2\u00b0C, and a control session, i.e. testing EIH after a control condition (2 min of quiet rest). EIH was induced using a 15 min bicycling exercise at a target heart rate corresponding to 75% VO2 max. Repeated measures ANOVAs on pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) at the hand, back and leg were used to determine the effects of exercise after the cold pressor test and control condition. Furthermore, correlations between CPM and EIH, in the CPT session as well as control session, were calculated at each assessment site.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0024_s_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant time x condition interaction (F(1, 30)=43.61,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001, partial \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.59), with Bonferroni-corrected\n                      <jats:italic>post-hoc t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests showed that PPTs increased after exercise in the control session (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), but not in the CPT session (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.125). Furthermore, there was a small positive correlation of EIH in the control session and CPM at the hand (r=0.37,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.043). There was a moderate negative correlation of EIH in the CPT session and CPM at the hand (r=\u22120.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.004), and smaller negative correlations at the back (r=\u22120.37,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.036) and at the leg (r=\u22120.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.054).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0024_s_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Attenuated EIH after the CPM activation in comparison to a control condition suggests that EIH and CPM may share underlying pain inhibitory mechanisms on a systemic level. This assumption is further supported by the finding of small to moderate significant correlations between EIH and CPM at the hand. The attenuated EIH response furthermore suggests that these mechanisms are exhaustible, i.e. that its effects decline after a certain amount of inhibition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0024_s_005\">\n                    <jats:title>Implications:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with chronic pain, assessing the current capacity of the descending pain inhibitory system \u2013 as indicated by the CPM response \u2013 may aid to make better predictions about how patients will respond to exercise with respect to acute pain reduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2018-0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T17:17:45Z","timestamp":1519838265000},"page":"311-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Exercise does not produce hypoalgesia when performed immediately after a painful stimulus"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hannah","family":"Gajsar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind and Pain in Motion Group, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology , Ruhr-University of Bochum , Bochum , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Nahrwold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind and Pain in Motion Group, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology , Ruhr-University of Bochum , Bochum , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Titze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind and Pain in Motion Group, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology , Ruhr-University of Bochum , Bochum , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika I.","family":"Hasenbring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind and Pain in Motion Group, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology , Ruhr-University of Bochum , Bochum , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik B.","family":"Vaegter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research Group, Pain Center South, Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Southern Denmark , Odense , Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120909531685915_j_sjpain-2018-0024_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daenen L, Varkey E, Kellmann M, Nijs J. 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