{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T18:41:51Z","timestamp":1782585711899,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0052_s_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain is a common condition. However, only a minority of people experiencing pain develop a chronic pain problem. Factors such as somatization, pain self-efficacy and lack of psychological well-being affect the risk of pain chronicity and pain-related disability. However, research on protective pain-related psychological factors in populations without chronic pain is scarce. We aim to examine if pain self-efficacy attenuates the associations between pain and both anxiety and somatization in a community sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0052_s_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a cross-sectional study, 211 participants from a community sample responded to measures of average pain over the last 3 months, anxiety, somatization, and pain self-efficacy. The possibility of moderation effects were tested with a series of regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0052_s_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The association between pain and anxiety was not moderated by pain self-efficacy. In contrast, pain self-efficacy moderated the relation of pain and somatization. The interaction explained 3% of the variance in somatization, in addition to the independent effects of pain and self-efficacy (F(1,207)=5.65,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.025). Among those in the bottom quartile of pain self-efficacy, the association between pain and somatization was moderate or strong (r=0.62,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01), whereas for those in the top quartile the association was modest (r=0.11,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt;0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0052_s_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results are partly consistent with the hypothesis that pain self-efficacy attenuates the associations between pain and pain chronification risk factors in a relatively healthy community sample. Should further preferably longitudinal studies replicate the findings, the role pain self-efficacy as a protective factor needs to be explicated in theoretical models of pain chronification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_sjpain-2018-0052_s_005\">\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings are consistent with the notion that clinicians should promote patient\u2019s pain self-efficacy in acute and sub-acute pain conditions especially when the individual is prone to somatization. However, more prominent clinical implications require studies with longitudinal designs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2018-0052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T05:05:00Z","timestamp":1537506300000},"page":"101-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pain self-efficacy moderates the association between pain and somatization in a community sample"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Petri","family":"Karkkola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanna","family":"Sinikallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niko","family":"Flink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsi","family":"Honkalampi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Kuittinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120909565464533_j_sjpain-2018-0052_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoy DG, Protani M, De R, Buchbinder R. 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