{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T06:49:12Z","timestamp":1693118952239},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,6,1]],"date-time":"1990-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":644198400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\u201cSoluble\u201d (KFe<jats:sup>III<\/jats:sup>[Fe<jats:sup>II<\/jats:sup>(CN )<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>]) and \u201cinsoluble Prussian blue\u201d (Fe<jats:sup>III<\/jats:sup>\n                  <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>[Fe<jats:sup>II<\/jats:sup>(CN)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> labelled with <jats:sup>59<\/jats:sup>Fe either in the ferric (Fe<jats:sup>III<\/jats:sup>) or ferro (Fe<jats:sup>II<\/jats:sup>) position and <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C in the cyanide group were synthesized and administered intraperitoneally or orally to adult female rats with normal body iron stores.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Following i.p. injection of KFe[Fe(CN)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>], the colloidal complex is disintegrated into ferric iron and hexacyanoferrate(II) anion almost completely. About 96% of the ferric iron was retained in the body. Nearly 90% of both ferrous iron and cyanide were excreted with the urine within 7 days after i.p. injection, indicating that most of the undissociated hexacyanoferrate(II) anion ([Fe(CN)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sup>4-<\/jats:sup>) was excreted through the kidney. Only 9% of the ferrous iron from [Fe(CN)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>]<jats:sup>4-<\/jats:sup> was found mainly in carcass, liver and gut. As the <jats:sup>59<\/jats:sup>Fe\/<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-ratios in organs were found close to 1.0, the dissociation of the hexacyanoferrate(II) anion can only be small in vivo. No detectable <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-activity (&lt; 0.01 %) was monitored in the breath of rats after i.p. injection of the <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-labelled KFe[Fe(CN)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>], also indicating that no significant amounts of cyanide were released after parenteral administration.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>After oral administration of the soluble and insoluble Prussian blue, 0 .3 -0 .7% of the ferric iron was absorbed and retained mainly in carcass, liver and blood. Only 0.06-0.18% of the ferrous iron was absorbed and mostly excreted with the urine (0.05-0.15%), so that only 0.01-0.03% of the oral ferrous <jats:sup>59<\/jats:sup>Fe was retained in the body after 7- 10 days. Very small fractions of <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-label from the <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>CN-group of the soluble and insoluble hexacyanoferrate(II) were observed in the exhaled air (0.04-0.08% of the oral dose). From the <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-exhalation, the <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>Curine excretion and the distribution of iron in blood and organs it can be concluded that the hexacyanoferrate(II) moiety disintegrated only to a small extent in the intestinal tract after oral administration. From a dose of 36 mg hexacyanoferrate(II)\/kg, an amount of free (non complex bound) cyanide can be calculated which is in maximum two orders of magnitude below the LD<jats:sub>100<\/jats:sub>-level. Thus, the very low bioavailability of iron and cyanide from hexacyanoferrate(II) compounds after oral application is demonstrated in rats. In the case of a severe nuclear accident, appropriate doses of \u201csoluble\u201d and \u201cinsoluble\u201d Prussian blue can be used as safe and effective antidote against radiocaesium contamination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-1990-0619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T17:54:55Z","timestamp":1533232495000},"page":"681-690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bioavailability of Iron and Cyanide from <sup>59<\/sup>Fe-and <sup>14<\/sup>C-Labelled Hexacyanoferrates(II) in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung Medizinische Biochemie, Institut f\u00fcr Physiologische Chemie, Universit\u00e4tskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 2000 Ham burg 20, Bundesrepublik Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Dresow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung Medizinische Biochemie, Institut f\u00fcr Physiologische Chemie, Universit\u00e4tskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 2000 Ham burg 20, Bundesrepublik Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung Medizinische Biochemie, Institut f\u00fcr Physiologische Chemie, Universit\u00e4tskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 2000 Ham burg 20, Bundesrepublik Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hellmuth C.","family":"Heinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung Medizinische Biochemie, Institut f\u00fcr Physiologische Chemie, Universit\u00e4tskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 2000 Ham burg 20, Bundesrepublik Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"container-title":["Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Naturforschung C"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/znc.1990.45.issue-6\/znc-1990-0619\/znc-1990-0619.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/znc-1990-0619\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/znc-1990-0619\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T14:10:37Z","timestamp":1624371037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/znc-1990-0619\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/znc-1990-0619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/znc-1990-0619","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-7125","0939-5075"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-7125","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0939-5075","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,6,1]]}}}