{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T22:11:53Z","timestamp":1779228713731,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3-4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003336","name":"Bulgarian National Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["project DN: 1\/13\u00a0\u2013 17.12.2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project DN: 1\/13\u00a0\u2013 17.12.2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The <jats:italic>Sceletium<\/jats:italic>-type alkaloids, known for their anxiolytic and antidepressant activities, have been recently found to be biosynthesized in <jats:italic>Narcissus<\/jats:italic> cv. Hawera, which is largely used as an ornamental plant. An alkaloid fraction enriched with <jats:italic>Sceletium<\/jats:italic>-type alkaloids from the plant has shown promising antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. In the present study, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the alkaloids in the plant organs were performed during one vegetation season by GC-MS. The alkaloid pattern and total alkaloid content was found to depend strongly on the stage of development and plant organ. The alkaloid content of bulbs was found to be highest during the dormancy period and lowest in sprouting bulbs. The leaves showed the highest alkaloid content during the intensive vegetative growth and\u00a0lowest during flowering. In total, 13 alkaloids were detected in the methanol extracts of <jats:italic>Narcissus<\/jats:italic> cv. Hawera, six <jats:italic>Sceletium<\/jats:italic>-type and seven typical Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Major alkaloids in the alkaloid pattern were lycorine, 6-<jats:italic>epi<\/jats:italic>-mesembrenol, mesembrenone, sanguinine, and galanthamine. The leaves of flowering plants were found to have the highest amount of 6-<jats:italic>epi<\/jats:italic>-mesembrenol. Mesembrenone was found to be dominant alkaloid in the leaves of sprouting bulbs and in the flowers. Considering the biomass of the plant, the dormant bulbs are the best source of alkaloid fractions enriched with 6-<jats:italic>epi<\/jats:italic>-mesembrenol. The\u00a0flowers and the young leaves can be used for preparation of alkaloid fractions enriched with mesembrenone. The\u00a0results indicates that <jats:italic>Narcissus<\/jats:italic> cv. Hawera is an emerging source of valuable bioactive compounds and its utilization can be extended as a medicinal plant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2023-0149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T10:20:30Z","timestamp":1711102830000},"page":"73-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamics of alkaloid accumulation in <i>Narcissus<\/i> cv.\u00a0Hawera: a source of <i>Sceletium<\/i>-type alkaloids"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Borjana","family":"Sidjimova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research , 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. , 1113 Sofia , Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rumen","family":"Denev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research , 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. , 1113 Sofia , Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8513-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Nikolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research , 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str. , 1113 Sofia , Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0294-5927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaume","family":"Bastida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3 , 16724 Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII #27-31 , 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4210-3070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Strahil","family":"Berkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research , 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. 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