{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:25:41Z","timestamp":1783441541081,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7-8","funder":[{"name":"Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Synthetic medicinal products are expensive and may have serious side effects. In addition, other antimicrobial agents have become increasingly required due to antibiotic resistance. To overcome these problems, people have used medicinal plants for years as a source of medication. Milk thistle (\n                    <jats:italic>Silybum marianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) has been used for decades to treat various chronic illnesses. This study aimed to verify the chemical profile of\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0marianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    using gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry (GC\/MS) and evaluate the plant extracts\u2019 anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antioxidant activities. Results revealed that extracts from the plant contain significant amounts of triterpenes, tetraterpenes, oxygenated hydrocarbons, and small amounts of hydrocarbons. Results also showed that at a dose of 0.5\u202fmg\/ear, the seed extract significantly reduced xylene-induced edema in mice; however, the water extracts reduced croton oil-induced edema with a percent inhibition of 84.61\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.61\u202f% at the same dose. Moreover, the results showed that the methanolic seed extract was the most potent in anticoagulant activity. In contrast, the\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    -butanol extract showed the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.021\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.006\u202fmg\/mL). This study highlighted the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antioxidant potential of\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0marianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. and the medicinal importance of natural phytochemicals isolated from this medicinal plant.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2025-0160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T09:55:53Z","timestamp":1760781353000},"page":"491-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GC-MS analysis, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, and antioxidant activities of\n                    <i>Silybum<\/i>\n                    <i>marianum<\/i>\n                    extracts"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Ahlem","family":"Karbab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Science , Setif-1 University Ferhat Abbas , 19000 , Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuha","family":"Sweidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , University of Petra , Amman , 961343 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2387-6940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Shakya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy , Aqaba University of Technology , Aqaba , 11191 , Jordan"},{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Ahliyya Amman University , Amman , 19328 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musa","family":"Abu Zarqa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry , 54658 The University of Jordan , Amman , 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Charef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Science , Setif-1 University Ferhat Abbas , 19000 , Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waed","family":"Hammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry , 54658 The University of Jordan , Amman , 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9782-0835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad S.","family":"Mubarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry , 54658 The University of Jordan , Amman , 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070715574832751_j_znc-2025-0160_ref_001","unstructured":"Sengul, M, Ercisli, S, Yildiz, H, Gungor, N, Kavaz, A, Cetin, B. 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