{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T19:38:16Z","timestamp":1768678696160,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In 2020, the Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra will celebrate the 95th anniversary of its first spectroheliographic observation. Keeping a daily service of solar observations since then, making almost a century, led to one of the largest continuous solar data collections in the world. This long\u2013term solar database is essential for studies where solar activity is involved. This work reviews the development of synoptic observations made at the Observatory of Coimbra since 1925 and presents a summary of some of the principal stages of the Observatory\u2019s history since its founding in 1772. We refer the main technical improvements and present some perspectives for the near future. One of the most significant upgrades was the installation of a CCD camera in 2007. The transition from photographic emulsion to digital recording methods allowed the development of image analysis algorithms to process solar images and improved data sharing with other institutions. This upgrade enabled also to carry\u2013out modern climate and space weather studies. This valuable advancement makes it possible to create a new catalogue of solar observations to be published in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/astro-2019-0015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]],"date-time":"2019-09-21T09:18:27Z","timestamp":1569057507000},"page":"165-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Solar observations at the Coimbra Astronomical Observatory"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEUC\u2013Centre for Earth and Space Research of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal ; OGA\u2013Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEUC\u2013Centre for Earth and Space Research of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal ; CMUC\u2013Centre for Mathematics , University of Coimbra , 3001\u2013501 Coimbra , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEUC\u2013Centre for Earth and Space Research of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal ; OGA\u2013Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEUC\u2013Centre for Earth and Space Research of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal ; OGA\u2013Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica , Universidad de Extremadura , 06071 Badajoz , Spain ; Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n del Agua , Cambio Clim\u00e1tico y Sostenibilidad (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura , 06006 Badajoz , Spain"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Peixinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITEUC\u2013Centre for Earth and Space Research of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal ; OGA\u2013Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra , Rua do Observat\u00f3rio, s\/n, 3040\u2013004 Coimbra , Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031116173039862_j_astro-2019-0015_ref_001_w2aab3b7c29b1b6b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"Abbot, C.G., Fowle, F.E., & Aldrich, L.B. 1923, Ann. 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