{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T04:39:49Z","timestamp":1774845589313,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Considering the importance that entrepreneurship takes in the economies of most countries, the aim of this study was to compare two different geographical areas, studying the characteristics and variables of entrepreneurship that act as driving forces in the creation of new businesses. So, two locations from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database were identified and categorized, namely Latin America (LA) and Western Europe (WE). Nine dimensions were selected, in order to test and clarify distinguishing patterns in these two locations in terms of entrepreneurial propensity.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We used a quantitative methodology to analyze and verify 13 variables, using statistical techniques, in particular the tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney Test, T-test and ANOVA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The results indicate that during the year of 2015 the population demonstrated bolder entrepreneurial characteristics in LA than in WE, however, statistically analyzing a set of variables indicated by the model, the WE countries show a higher mean value than in LA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>As a comparative study, we propose that the findings can be used as a starting point in formulating new government policies, in particular in these geographical areas, contributing to the development of the entrepreneurship field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/erj-2017-0058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T11:09:31Z","timestamp":1531393771000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparative Entrepreneurship between Western Europe and Latin America"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2968-4026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helder","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref871","year":"2013","journal-title":"Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2011 Report for Belgium & Flanders"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-014-2446-7","article-title":"Beyond the Moral Portrayal of Social Entrepreneurs: An Empirical Approach to Who they are and What Drives Them","volume":"133","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Business Ethics"},{"key":"ref341","first-page":"35","article-title":"Culrural Values, Income Level and Entrepreneurship","volume":"35","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista De Economia Mundial"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2009.06.002","article-title":"Emergence of the Entrepreneurial Society","volume":"52","year":"2009","journal-title":"Business Horizons"},{"key":"ref1281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1080\/13504851.2012.727968","article-title":"\u2018Entrepreneurs Out of Necessity\u2019: A Snapshot","volume":"20","year":"2013","journal-title":"Applied Economics Letters"},{"key":"ref431","first-page":"402","article-title":"Measuring the Performance of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Networks","volume":"9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Knowledge Economy"},{"key":"ref691","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-005-2000-1","article-title":"Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Growth: Evidence from GEM Data","volume":"24","year":"2005","journal-title":"Small Business Economics"},{"key":"ref831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-014-2446-7","article-title":"Beyond the Moral Portrayal of Social Entrepreneurs: An Empirical Approach to Who they are and What Drives Them","volume":"133","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Business Ethics"},{"key":"ref811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1016\/S1574-0080(04)80018-X","article-title":"Knowledge Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation","volume":"4","year":"2004","journal-title":"Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Essence and Measurement of Organizational Efficiency","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-008-9133-y","article-title":"Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness Dynamics in Latin America","volume":"31","year":"2008","journal-title":"Small Business Economics"},{"key":"ref1421","first-page":"26","article-title":"Milestone of Entrepreneurship Research Development? 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