{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T04:20:25Z","timestamp":1691122825353},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"Compete 2020","award":["n\u00c2\u00ba246\/AXIS II\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00c2\u00ba246\/AXIS II\/2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of active alkali charge, in kraft cooking of <jats:italic>Eucalyptus globulus<\/jats:italic> wood, on the properties of the laboratory-produced tissue paper. <jats:italic>Eucalyptus<\/jats:italic> wood chips were cooked under similar conditions at four different active alkali (AA) levels of 16, 19, 21, and 23\u202f% and DEDED sequence was used for subsequent ECF bleaching. Pulps were analyzed for their intrinsic viscosity, chemical composition, and fiber morphology, while the corresponding papers (20\u202fg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) were examined for their strength properties, absorptivity, and softness. It was demonstrated that changes in the AA upon cooking, not only affected the chemical composition of the obtained pulps and their intrinsic viscosity, but also the fiber\u2019s shape (e.g., curl and kink). These changes caused variations in the properties of laboratory-produced tissue papers. Thus, the increase in AA led to paper with lower tensile strength, but with better softness. Even though the increase of AA in cooking led to bulkier papers, their absorptivity was not significantly enhanced. This was explained, at least in part, by the lower water retention of the pulps obtained from cooking with higher AA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/hf-2023-0006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T09:50:30Z","timestamp":1688205030000},"page":"610-617","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of alkali charge on the performance of <i>Eucalyptus globulus<\/i> kraft pulps for tissue applications"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Henriques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\/Department of Chemistry , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Dmitry V.","family":"Evtuguin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\/Department of Chemistry , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azevedo, C.A., Rebola, S.M., Domingues, E.M., Figueiredo, F.M.L., and Evtuguin, D.V. (2020). Relationship between surface properties and fiber network parameters of Eucalyptus kraft pulps and their absorption capacity. Surfaces 3: 265\u2013281, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/surfaces3030020.","DOI":"10.3390\/surfaces3030020"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biermann, C.J. (1996). Wood and fiber fundamentals. In: Biermann, C.J. (Ed.), Handbook of pulping and papermaking. Academic Press, San Diego.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012097362-0\/50006-6"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_003","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnvall, E. (2009). Overview of pulp and paper processes. In: Ek, M., Gellerstedt, G., and Henriksson, G. (Eds.), Pulp and paper chemistry and technology, Vol.\u00a02. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co, Berlin, pp.\u00a0121\u2013148."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatterjee, P.K. and Gupta, B.S. (2002). Porous structure and liquid flow models. In: Chatterjee, P.K., and Gupta, B.S. (Eds.), Absorbent technology, 1st ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.\u00a02\u201353.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-4083(02)80004-4"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_005","unstructured":"Carvalho, M.G., Ferreira, P., Santos, J., Amaral, J., and Figueiredo, M. (2005). Effect of extended cooking and oxygen pre-bleaching on the surface energy of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps. J.\u00a0Pulp Pap. Sci. 31: 90\u201394."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_006","unstructured":"d\u2019A. Clark, J. (Ed.) (1985). Pulp technology and treatment for paper, 2nd ed. Miller Freeman Publ. Inc, San Francisco."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_007","unstructured":"Daniel, A.I.D., Pascoal Neto, C., Evtuguin, D.V., and Silvestre, A.J.D. (2003). Hexenuronic acid contents of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps: variation with pulping conditions and effect on ECF bleachability. Tappi J. 2: 3\u20138."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ershova, O., Costa, E.V., Fernandes, A.J.S., Domingues, M.R., Evtuguin, D.V., and Sixta, H. (2012). Effect of urea on cellulose degradation under conditions of alkaline pulping. Cellulose 19: 2195\u20132204, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10570-012-9791-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-012-9791-4"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evtuguin, D., Tom\u00e1s, J., Silva, A., and Pascoal Neto, C. (2003). Characterization of an acetylated heteroxylan from Eucafsxly1ptus globulus Labill. Carbohydr. Res. 338: 597\u2013604, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0008-6215(02)00529-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6215(02)00529-3"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_010","unstructured":"Foelkel, C. (2016). As fibras celul\u00f3sicas de eucaliptos na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de pap\u00e9is tissue de elevados n\u00edveis de maciez e absor\u00e7\u00e3o. Eucalyptus online book & newsletter no. 52, AB, Brazil, Available at: http:\/\/www.eucalyptus.com.br\/artigos\/news52_Eucalyptus_tissue.pdf (Accessed 18 March 2022)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gigac, J. and Fi\u0161erov\u00e1, M. (2008). Influence of pulp refining on tissue paper properties. Tappi J. 7: 27\u201332.","DOI":"10.32964\/TJ7.8.27"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomes, T., Mendes de Sousa, A.P., Belenkiy, J.I., and Evtuguin, D.V. (2020). Xylan accessibility of bleached eucalypt pulp in alkaline solutions. Holzforschung 74: 141\u2013148, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hf-2019-0023.","DOI":"10.1515\/hf-2019-0023"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_013","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (1995). Pulps\u00a0\u2013 determination of stock concentration (ISO 4119-1995)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_014","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (2005). Pulps\u00a0\u2013 preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing\u00a0\u2013 part 1: conventional sheet-former method (ISO 5269-1-2005)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_015","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (2010). Tissue paper and tissue products\u00a0\u2013 part 8: water-absorption time and water absorption capacity, basket-immersion test method (ISO 12625-8-2010)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_016","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (2014). Tissue paper and tissue products\u00a0\u2013 part 3: determination of thickness, bulking thickness and apparent bulk density and bulk (ISO 12625-3-2014)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_017","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization (2016). Tissue paper and tissue products\u00a0\u2013 part 6: determination of grammage (ISO 12625-6-2016)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_018","unstructured":"Kline, J.E. (Ed.) (1991). Paper and paperboard: manufacturing and converting fundamentals. Miller Freeman Publications, California, USA."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch, G. (2006). Raw material for pulp. In: Sixta, H. (Ed.). Handbook of pulp. Wiley VCH, Weinheim, Germany, pp.\u00a021\u201368.","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527619887.ch2"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Launer, H. and Wilson, W. (1939). Determination of pentosans in pulps and paper. J.\u00a0Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. 22: 471\u2013484, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6028\/jres.022.021.","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.022.021"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinho, N.P., Klock, U., Lengowski, C., Mu\u00f1iz, G.I., and Zamarian, C. (2017). Caracter\u00edsticas da polpa kraft extra\u00edda da esp\u00e9cie Ac\u00e1cia-negra na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de papel. Floresta e Ambiente 24: e00099214, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2179-8087.099214.","DOI":"10.1590\/2179-8087.099214"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morais, F.P., B\u00e9rtolo, R.A.C., Curto, J.M.R., Amaral, M.E.C.C., Carta, A.M.M.S., and Evtyugin, D.V. (2019). Comparative characterization of eucalyptus fibers and softwood fibers for tissue papers applications. Mater. Lett. X 4: 100028, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mlblux.2019.100028.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mlblux.2019.100028"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_023","unstructured":"Page, H., Seth, S., Jordan, D., and Barbe, C. (1985). Curls, crimps, kinks and microcompressions in pulp fibers\u00a0\u2013 their origin, measurement and significance. In: Punton, V.W. (Ed.). Papermaking raw materials. Mechanical Engineering Publications, London, pp.\u00a0183\u2013227."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinto, P.C., Evtuguin, D.V., and Pascoal Neto, C. (2005). Structure of hardwood glucuronoxylans: modifications and impact on pulp retention during wood kraft pulping. Carbohydr. Res. 60: 489\u2013497, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2005.03.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2005.03.001"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pirralho, M., Flores, D., Sousa, V.B., Quilh\u00f3, T., Knapic, S., and Pereira, H. (2014). Evaluation on paper making potential of nine Eucalyptus species based on wood anatomical features. Ind. Crops Prod. 54: 327\u2013334, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.indcrop.2014.01.040.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2014.01.040"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rebola, S.M., Ferreira, J., and Evtuguin, D.V. (2020). Potential of bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp for applications in nonwoven fibrous fabrics. J.\u00a0Eng. Fibers Fabr. 15: 1\u201313, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1558925020980146.","DOI":"10.1177\/1558925020980146"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rebola, S.M., Azevedo, C., and Evtuguin, D.V. (2021). Effect of cooking and bleaching conditions on the properties of eucalyptus kraft fluff pulps. Cellulose 28: 4411\u20134426, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10570-021-03789-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-021-03789-8"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rebuzzi, F. and Evtuguin, D.V. (2006). Effect of glucuronoxylan on the hornification of Eucalyptus globulus bleached pulps. Macromol. Symp. 232: 121\u2013128, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/masy.200551414.","DOI":"10.1002\/masy.200551414"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_029","unstructured":"Retulainen, E., Moss, P., and Nieminen, K. (1993). Effect of fines on the properties of fiber networks. In: Proceedings of 10th fundamental research symposium, Vol.\u00a02. Oxford, UK, pp.\u00a0727\u2013734."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts, J.C. (1996). An introduction to paper. In: Roberts, J.C. (Ed.). The chemistry of paper. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, pp.\u00a01\u201310.","DOI":"10.1039\/9781847552068-00001"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santiago, A.S. and Pascoal Neto, C. (2007). Assessment of potential approaches to improve Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulping yield. J.\u00a0Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 82: 424\u2013430, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jctb.1685.","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.1685"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_032","unstructured":"Scallan, A.M. and Tigerstr\u00f6m, A.C. (1992). Swelling and elasticity of the cell walls of pulp fibres. J.\u00a0Pulp Pap. Sci. 18: J188\u2013J193."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_044","unstructured":"Scandinavian Pulp, Paper, and Board Testing Committee (1998). Viscosity in cupriethylenediamine solution. SCAN-CM 15: 88."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sousa, C.T., Evtuguin, D.V., and Amaral, J.L. (2017). Hardwood kraft pulp structural features affecting refinability. Holzforschung 71: 619\u2013624, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hf-2016-0205.","DOI":"10.1515\/hf-2016-0205"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_037","unstructured":"TAPPI Test Method (2018). Brightness of pulp, paper and paperboard (directional reflectance at 457 nm) (test method T452 om-18-2018)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_038","unstructured":"TAPPI Test Method (2018). Carboxyl content of pulp (Tappi T 237 om-93-2018)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_036","unstructured":"TAPPI Test Method (2013). Kappa number of pulp (Tappi 236 cm-85-2013)."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_039","unstructured":"Trepanier, R. (2017). Pulp fiber quality and the relationship with paper tissue properties. In: Proceedings of tissue conference & expo 2017: the power of TAPPI & RISI, Miami Beach, Florida, USA, pp.\u00a074\u201378."},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young, R.A. (1994). Comparison of the properties of chemical cellulose pulps. Cellulose 2: 107\u2013130, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00819662.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00819662"},{"key":"2023080308530623675_j_hf-2023-0006_ref_041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Sj\u00f6gren, B., Engstrand, P., and Htun, M. (1994). Determination of charged groups in mechanical pulp fibres and their influence on pulp properties. J.\u00a0Wood Chem. Technol. 14: 83\u2013102, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02773819408003087.","DOI":"10.1080\/02773819408003087"}],"container-title":["Holzforschung"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hf-2023-0006\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hf-2023-0006\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T08:53:48Z","timestamp":1691052828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hf-2023-0006\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/hf-2023-0006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hf-2023-0006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-3830","1437-434X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-3830","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-434X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]}}}