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It is widely recognized that FO models are better than integer-order (IO) ones for representing systems with memory effects. Therefore, studying the consensus tracking control of FOMMSs is essential. In this paper, a consensus tracking protocol is developed using a disturbance-observer and state feedback to deal with unknown exogenous disturbances. The closed-loop system stability is analyzed via Lyapunov and graph theory. Novel sufficient conditions for the stabilization of each motor are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Simulation results illustrate the validity and efficacy of the proposed consensus protocol, namely its strong synchronization ability and robustness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jncds-2023-0073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T08:21:25Z","timestamp":1719217285000},"page":"159-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leader-following consensus tracking control for fractional-order multi-motor systems via disturbance-observer"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Electrical Information , Anhui Vocational College of Press and Publishing , Hefei , China"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation , 558979 Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7359-4370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio M.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering , University of Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation , 558979 Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , China"}]},{"given":"Youwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"53025 City University of Hongkong , Hongkong , Hongkong"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. 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