{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T05:33:34Z","timestamp":1763444014374,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2023-0286_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p> Gender-related differences in oxidative stress, nitric oxide bioavailability, and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined in a cross-sectional study involving 313 prepubertal children (8\u20139 years old) from the generation XXI birth-cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2023-0286_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anthropometric measurements, cardiometabolic variables, and redox markers were assessed, including plasma and urinary isoprostanes (P-Isop, U-Isop), plasma total antioxidant status (P-TAS), serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), plasma and urinary nitrates and nitrites (P-NOX, U-NOX), and urinary hydrogen peroxide (U-H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2023-0286_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p> Girls showed higher levels of total\/non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to boys. Notably, U-H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values were lower in girls. When stratifying by body mass index (BMI) and gender, both girls and boys exhibited higher MPO concentration and U-Isop values. Uric acid concentration was higher in overweight and obese girls than in normal weight girls, while no significant differences were observed among boys across BMI categories. Furthermore, U-NOX values differed only in boys, with higher levels observed in overweight and obese individuals compared to those with normal weight. Multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and BMI z-score, demonstrated inverse associations between U-H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and pulse wave velocity values, as well as between U-NOX and total or non-HDL cholesterol, exclusively in boys. In girls, a positive association between U-Isop and HOMA-IR values was observed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2023-0286_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p> In conclusion, gender differentially impacts oxidative stress, nitric oxide bioavailability, and cardiometabolic risk factors in prepubertal children. Prepubertal girls appear more susceptible to oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunction, while in boys, elevated levels of redox and nitric oxide bioavailability markers seem to provide protection against arterial stiffness and lipid homeostasis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2023-0286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T15:40:36Z","timestamp":1701877236000},"page":"42-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gender-related differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress among prepubertal children with obesity"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5113-6851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson","family":"Godinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Morato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia , Universidade do Porto (FFUP) , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Albino-Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina\u00a0\u2013 Unidade de Farmacologia e Terap\u00eautica, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"MedInUP\u00a0\u2013 Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Farmacol\u00f3gica e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Caldas Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u00a0\u2013 Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR) , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Nefrologia Pedi\u00e1trica, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina\u00a0\u2013 Unidade de Farmacologia e Terap\u00eautica, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"MedInUP\u00a0\u2013 Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Farmacol\u00f3gica e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o Medicamentosa da Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"}]},{"given":"Liane","family":"Correia-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u00a0\u2013 Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR) , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Nefrologia Pedi\u00e1trica, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio , Porto , Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024010910115256038_j_jpem-2023-0286_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Regitz-Zagrosek, V, Oertelt-Prigione, S, Prescott, E, Franconi, F, Gerdts, E, Foryst-Ludwig, A, et al.. 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