{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T00:19:04Z","timestamp":1720916344281},"reference-count":182,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present chapter will illustrate few examples of multi-technique and multi-scale approaches for objects belonging to past or modern periods in the history of art chronology. Thus, four studies on four different topics are brought to the attention: multi disciplinary and multi-techniques characterization of gilded altarpieces and sculptures in Portugal between 1500 and 1800 (3 years research project); an interdisciplinary approach to easel paintings from fifteenth and sixteenth century in Portugal (3 years research project); characterization of ketone resins varnishes (2 years research project) and of salts developed on canvas paintings from the Munch Museum collection (past investigation to be continued with an ongong 3 years research project). These studies show how important is to make use of different analytical tools when investigating a specific material, artistic technique or degradation phenomenon. The objects studied in the above mentioned research projects were created on wooden or canvas supports and they present paint, polichromy or gilded layers, and varnish coatings, therefore their structure and composition is complex and requires a complex, interdisciplinary approach. In many cases to the surface materials from a polychrome or painted object, degradation products are present and their identification as well the understanding of their mechanism of formation is possible only we have a complete overview of the materials present in the layered structure of the object.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/psr-2018-0016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T09:02:17Z","timestamp":1547197337000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multi technique and multiscale approaches to the study of ancient and modern art objects on wooden and canvas support"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Irina Crina Anca","family":"Sandu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antono","family":"Candeias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Klass Jan","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Erika Gohde","family":"Sandbakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva Storevik","family":"Tveit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henk","family":"van Keulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref421","volume-title":"On picture varnishes and their solvents","year":"1959"},{"key":"ref1081","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Making and Transforming Art: Technology and Interpretation, Proceedings of the ICOM-CC 5th International Symposium of the Art Technological Source Research-ATSR Working group, Brussels, Belgium, 22\u201323 November 2012","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref1201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927615000094","article-title":"On the use of the unusual green pigment brochantite in the sixteenth century Portuguese-Flemish paintings attributed to the Master Frei carlos Workshop","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref221","first-page":"1","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref551","volume-title":"Applicazioni della spettrofotometria IR allo studio dei beni culturali","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref1271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2015.11.042","article-title":"Calcium sulfate fillers and binders in Portuguese fifteenth and sixteenth centuries: ground layers from a family painting workshop - Study by multianalytical spectroscopic techniques","volume":"125","year":"2016c","journal-title":"Microche J"},{"key":"ref491","first-page":"566","article-title":"Polymer additives for synthetic low-molecular-weight varnishes","year":"1993","journal-title":"10th Triennial Meeting, ICOM-CC"},{"key":"ref621","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Painted wood: history and conservation","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref661","first-page":"197","volume-title":"Public paintings by Edvard Munch and his contemporaries \u2013 change and conservation challenges","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref461","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Polymers in conservation: Proceedings of an international conference organized by Manchester Polytechnic and Manchester Museum, Manchester, 17\u201319 July 1991","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref1801","year":"2014","journal-title":"Private communication"},{"key":"ref871","first-page":"180","volume-title":"The conservation of wall paintings","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref941","first-page":"39","article-title":"Analytical chemical studies on traditional linseed oil paints","volume":"6","year":"2002","journal-title":"Molart report"},{"key":"ref1221","first-page":"85","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"17","article-title":"Data mining analysis over a database of materials of Portuguese paintings from fifteenth and sixteenth centuries","volume":"9","year":"2012","journal-title":"e-Preserv Sci"},{"key":"ref1521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.1998.43.4.249","article-title":"Comparative chromatographic and mass spectrometric studies of triterpenoid varnishes: fresh material and aged samples from paintings","volume":"43","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stud Conserv"},{"key":"ref1311","first-page":"39","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22027","article-title":"Identification and removal of non-original layers in the sixteenth century paintings of Funchal\u2019s Cathedral altarpiece","volume":"41","year":"2016","journal-title":"Color Res Appl"},{"key":"ref641","volume-title":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref711","volume-title":"Edvard Munch selv","year":"1953"},{"key":"ref241","first-page":"85","volume-title":"New insight on the underdrawing of 16th Flemish-Portuguese easel paintings by combined surface analysis and microanalytical techniques","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref801","first-page":"33","volume-title":"American pastels in the metropolitan museum of art","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref1721","first-page":"35","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sink, Magnesium og sinkmagnesium sulfater i overflaten p\u00e5 15 av Edvard Munchs Aula-skisser"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"115","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1231","first-page":"55","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1741","volume-title":"A pigment microscopist\u2019s notebook","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref271","first-page":"85","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref511","article-title":"Ketone resins varnishes on canvas paintings from the collection of Munch Museum: an interdisciplinary transnational research project","year":"2018a","journal-title":"Modern oil paints conference"},{"key":"ref261","first-page":"143","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2015.11.042","article-title":"Calcium sulfate fillers and binders in Portuguese fifteenth and sixteenth centuries: ground layers from a family painting workshop - Study by multianalytical spectroscopic techniques","volume":"125","year":"2016c","journal-title":"Microche J"},{"key":"ref1291","first-page":"45","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref831","volume-title":"Pigment compendium: a dictionary and optical microscopy of historical pigments","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref501","first-page":"148","volume-title":"Conservation and restoration of pictorial art","year":"1976"},{"key":"ref1041","first-page":"507","article-title":"Proteomics tools for the contemporary identification of proteinaceous binders in gilded samples","volume":"6","year":"201520152015","journal-title":"Special issue of GILT-EnArt (International conference on gilding materials and techniques in European art)"},{"key":"ref1491","first-page":"80","volume-title":"La Madonna di S. Giorgio alla Costa di S. Giorgio. Studi e Restauro","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"439","article-title":"A comparative multi-technique investigation on material identification of gilding layers and the conservation state of 7 Portuguese mannerist altarpieces","volume":"6","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Conserv Sci"},{"key":"ref1771","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Hamilton Karr institute bulletin, number 1","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9888(200004)35:4<512::AID-JMS963>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Mass spectrometric methodology for the analysis of highly oxidised diterpenoid acids in old master paintings","volume":"35","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"ref981","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22224","article-title":"An innovative, interdisciplinary, and multi-technique study of gilding and painting techniques in the decoration of the Main Altarpiece of Miranda do Douro Cathedral (XVII-XVIIIth centuries, Portugal)","volume":"76","year":"2013c","journal-title":"Microsc Res Technol"},{"key":"ref1051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927612000554","article-title":"Cross-section and staining-based techniques for investigating organic materials in polychrome works of art - a review","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref1581","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910a"},{"key":"ref1171","first-page":"1","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref821","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Hamilton Karr institute bulletin, number 1","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref881","first-page":"56","article-title":"Salt transportation and crystallization in porous limestone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neutron-X-ray imaging and poromechanical modeling"},{"key":"ref1451","first-page":"148","volume-title":"Conservation and restoration of pictorial art","year":"1976"},{"key":"ref1001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927614014445","article-title":"Complementary imaging and characterization methodology of polychrome composites in gilded woodcarving using Micro-CT, SEM-EDX and OM","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref01","article-title":"GILT-Teller: um estudo interdisciplinar multi-escala das t\u00e9cnicas e dos materiais de douramento em Portugal, 1500\u20131800","year":"201220122013a","journal-title":"VIIII Jornadas de Arte e Ci\u00eancia - Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e Restauro de Artes Decorativas de Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o Arquitect\u00f3nica"},{"key":"ref1071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927614014494","article-title":"The 1685 blue smalt coating of the Coimbra Old Cathedral main altarpiece under scrutiny","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref1371","volume-title":"On picture varnishes and their solvents","year":"1959"},{"key":"ref1881","year":"1929","journal-title":"Patent, serial number 75.437"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927612000554","article-title":"Cross-section and staining-based techniques for investigating organic materials in polychrome works of art - a review","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref1661","volume-title":"Edvard Munch selv","year":"1953"},{"key":"ref1121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1201\/b15577-46","volume-title":"Science and technology for the conservation of cultural heritage","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref591","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd ASMS conference on mass spectrometry and allied topics, May 21-26 1995","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"107","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref431","volume-title":"Materials for conservation. Organic consolidants, adhesives and coatings","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref1671","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910c"},{"key":"ref1751","first-page":"33","volume-title":"American pastels in the metropolitan museum of art","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref1841","first-page":"1099","article-title":"The use of elemental sulphur as organic alternative to control pH during composting of olive mill wastes","volume":"57","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref1531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9888(200004)35:4<512::AID-JMS963>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Mass spectrometric methodology for the analysis of highly oxidised diterpenoid acids in old master paintings","volume":"35","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"ref1681","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Public paintings by Edvard Munch and his contemporaries \u2013 change and conservation challenges","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref1871","volume-title":"Let\u2019s go camping: a guide to outdoor living","year":"1951"},{"key":"ref861","first-page":"342","article-title":"Treatment of efflorescent salts on twentieth-century frescos in the parliamentary precinet, Ottawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"The decorative, conservation and the applied arts, IIC vienna congress"},{"key":"ref1151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-016-0481-1","article-title":"Uncover the mantle: rediscovering Greg\u00f3rio Lopes palette and technique with a study on the painting \u201cMater Misericordiae","volume":"122","year":"2016a","journal-title":"Appl Phys A: Mater Sci Process"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927614014445","article-title":"Complementary imaging and characterization methodology of polychrome composites in gilded woodcarving using Micro-CT, SEM-EDX and OM","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref151","year":"2016","journal-title":"Flemish-Lusitan Early Masters - interacting Sciences, with History and Art"},{"key":"ref681","volume-title":"Private communication","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref111","article-title":"Comparison of MALDI-TOF and nanoLC-ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry on identification of proteins in cross-sections of medieval sculpture","year":"2013","journal-title":"MaSC meeting"},{"key":"ref771","first-page":"35","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sink, Magnesium og sinkmagnesium sulfater i overflaten p\u00e5 15 av Edvard Munchs Aula-skisser"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"A comparative, multi-scale and interdisciplinary study of gilding techniques and materials in two Portuguese Baroque \u201ctalha dourada\u201d complexes","year":"2013b","journal-title":"ECR \u2013 Estudos de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e restauro"},{"key":"ref1021","first-page":"89","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in a complementary approach for the study of documented reconstructions of water gilded composites","year":"2015","journal-title":"Book of abstracts of Gilt-EnArt2015 (International conference on Gilding materials and techniques in European art)"},{"key":"ref651","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910b"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Making and Transforming Art: Technology and Interpretation, Proceedings of the ICOM-CC 5th International Symposium of the Art Technological Source Research-ATSR Working group, Brussels, Belgium, 22\u201323 November 2012","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref931","year":"1929","journal-title":"Patent, serial number 75.437"},{"key":"ref1631","volume-title":"Private communication","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref1831","first-page":"56","article-title":"Salt transportation and crystallization in porous limestone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neutron-X-ray imaging and poromechanical modeling"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Primitivos. El siglo dorado de la pintura portuguesa. 1450\u20131550","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref401","first-page":"513","article-title":"Problems of analysis by FTIR of calcium sulphate-based preparatory layers: the case of a group of sixteenth century Portuguese paintings","volume":"565","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archaeometry"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"55","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref841","volume-title":"Private communication","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1201\/b15577-46","volume-title":"Science and technology for the conservation of cultural heritage","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1501","volume-title":"Applicazioni della spettrofotometria IR allo studio dei beni culturali","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref701","first-page":"176","article-title":"The yeats archive: a method of identifying wax crayon, in works of art on paper, books, documentation and photographs, techniques and conservation","year":"2002","journal-title":"IIC Baltimore Congress"},{"key":"ref1761","first-page":"127","volume-title":"Hamilton Karr Institute Bulletin, number 3","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref561","first-page":"134","volume-title":"Twelfth International symposium on wood and furniture conservation","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref691","year":"2002","journal-title":"What will happen to a Frankenthaler? An investigation into the oil stain effect on un-primed and un-sized cotton canvases"},{"key":"ref1131","first-page":"17","article-title":"Data mining analysis over a database of materials of Portuguese paintings from fifteenth and sixteenth centuries","volume":"9","year":"2012","journal-title":"e-Preserv Sci"},{"key":"ref521","first-page":"118","volume-title":"The organic chemistry of museum objects","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref991","article-title":"A comparative, multi-scale and interdisciplinary study of gilding techniques and materials in two Portuguese Baroque \u201ctalha dourada\u201d complexes","year":"2013b","journal-title":"ECR \u2013 Estudos de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e restauro"},{"key":"ref1301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4785","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AY00435K","article-title":"A multidisciplinary approach to the study of the brightening effects of white chalk ground layers in fifteenth and sixteenth century painting","volume":"8","year":"2016b","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"key":"ref1541","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd ASMS conference on mass spectrometry and allied topics, May 21-26 1995","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref1781","volume-title":"Pigment compendium: a dictionary and optical microscopy of historical pigments","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref391","first-page":"123","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI. (Overprint)","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1611","first-page":"197","volume-title":"Public paintings by Edvard Munch and his contemporaries \u2013 change and conservation challenges","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref1361","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Cleaning, retouching, and coatings","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref1351","first-page":"513","article-title":"Problems of analysis by FTIR of calcium sulphate-based preparatory layers: the case of a group of sixteenth century Portuguese paintings","volume":"565","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archaeometry"},{"key":"ref611","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The invention of pastel painting","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref1701","year":"2013","journal-title":"Unpublished Scientific Report"},{"key":"ref361","first-page":"39","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref531","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Andrea Mantegna. La Pala di San Zeno. Studio e conservazione","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927614014494","article-title":"The 1685 blue smalt coating of the Coimbra Old Cathedral main altarpiece under scrutiny","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref1401","volume-title":"recent advances in conservation","year":"1963"},{"key":"ref1861","first-page":"197","volume-title":"The institute of painting conservation, conference papers","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref1391","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Le resine sintetiche usate nel trattamento di opera policrome","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref961","article-title":"Proposal for an analytical methodology of study of gilded wood carving techniques and materials","year":"2013a","journal-title":"ICOM CC meeting of working group on polychrome sculpture"},{"key":"ref1211","first-page":"143","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref541","first-page":"80","volume-title":"La Madonna di S. Giorgio alla Costa di S. Giorgio. Studi e Restauro","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref411","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Cleaning, retouching, and coatings","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref1431","first-page":"85","article-title":"Plasticized and stabilized cyclohexanone resins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Resins: ancient and modern, preprints of the SSCR\u2019s 2nd resins conference"},{"key":"ref1461","article-title":"Ketone resins varnishes on canvas paintings from the collection of Munch Museum: an interdisciplinary transnational research project","year":"2018a","journal-title":"Modern oil paints conference"},{"key":"ref1851","article-title":"Sulfur effects on cotton yield components","volume":"96","year":"2012","journal-title":"Better Crops"},{"key":"ref1481","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Andrea Mantegna. La Pala di San Zeno. Studio e conservazione","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref1381","volume-title":"Materials for conservation. Organic consolidants, adhesives and coatings","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref1821","first-page":"180","volume-title":"The conservation of wall paintings","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref231","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Gregorio Lopes painting workshop: characterization by X-ray based techniques","year":"2014d"},{"key":"ref1101","year":"2016","journal-title":"Flemish-Lusitan Early Masters - interacting Sciences, with History and Art"},{"key":"ref1511","first-page":"134","volume-title":"Twelfth International symposium on wood and furniture conservation","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref1571","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Painted wood: history and conservation","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1039\/C3AY41327F","article-title":"Characterization of glue sizing under calcium carbonate ground layers in Flemish and Luso-Flemish painting-analysis by SEM-EDS, \u03bc-XRD and \u03bc-Raman spectroscopy","volume":"6","year":"2014c","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"key":"ref951","article-title":"GILT-Teller: um estudo interdisciplinar multi-escala das t\u00e9cnicas e dos materiais de douramento em Portugal, 1500\u20131800","year":"201220122013a","journal-title":"VIIII Jornadas de Arte e Ci\u00eancia - Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e Restauro de Artes Decorativas de Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o Arquitect\u00f3nica"},{"key":"ref1791","volume-title":"Private communication","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"85","article-title":"Plasticized and stabilized cyclohexanone resins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Resins: ancient and modern, preprints of the SSCR\u2019s 2nd resins conference"},{"key":"ref1061","article-title":"Comparison of MALDI-TOF and nanoLC-ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry on identification of proteins in cross-sections of medieval sculpture","year":"2013","journal-title":"MaSC meeting"},{"key":"ref1421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.1989.34.1.9","article-title":"The Chemistry of ketone resins and the synthesis of a derivative with increased stability and flexibility","volume":"34","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stud Conserv"},{"key":"ref851","year":"2014","journal-title":"Private communication"},{"key":"ref211","year":"2013","journal-title":"O pintor Francisco Jo\u00e3o \u2013 Materiais e t\u00e9cnicas na pintura de cavalete em \u00c9vora na Segunda Metade do S\u00e9culo XVI"},{"key":"ref751","year":"2013","journal-title":"Unpublished Scientific Report"},{"key":"ref1241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4488","article-title":"Characterization of gypsum and anhydrite ground layers in fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Portuguese paintings by Raman Spectroscopy and other techniques","volume":"45","year":"2014a","journal-title":"J Raman Spectro"},{"key":"ref1811","first-page":"342","article-title":"Treatment of efflorescent salts on twentieth-century frescos in the parliamentary precinet, Ottawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"The decorative, conservation and the applied arts, IIC vienna congress"},{"key":"ref761","volume-title":"The materials of the artist, and their use in painting","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref1191","first-page":"85","volume-title":"New insight on the underdrawing of 16th Flemish-Portuguese easel paintings by combined surface analysis and microanalytical techniques","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref1321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1039\/C3AY41327F","article-title":"Characterization of glue sizing under calcium carbonate ground layers in Flemish and Luso-Flemish painting-analysis by SEM-EDS, \u03bc-XRD and \u03bc-Raman spectroscopy","volume":"6","year":"2014c","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"key":"ref891","first-page":"1099","article-title":"The use of elemental sulphur as organic alternative to control pH during composting of olive mill wastes","volume":"57","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref1031","first-page":"218","article-title":"More than gold \u2013 an interdisciplinary, complementary study of gilding materials and techniques in baroque altarpieces from Portugal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings book of ESRARC 2014 (6th European symposium on religious art, restoration & conservation)"},{"key":"ref1641","year":"2002","journal-title":"What will happen to a Frankenthaler? An investigation into the oil stain effect on un-primed and un-sized cotton canvases"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4785","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AY00435K","article-title":"A multidisciplinary approach to the study of the brightening effects of white chalk ground layers in fifteenth and sixteenth century painting","volume":"8","year":"2016b","journal-title":"Anal Methods"},{"key":"ref721","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910c"},{"key":"ref1261","first-page":"75","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1601","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910b"},{"key":"ref341","first-page":"45","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"p.5","article-title":"Frequency and amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy (AFM) combined with H-SEM micro analysis as a novel approach for a multi-scale study of gilded samples","journal-title":"Book of abstracts of in art 2013b conference (First international conference on innovation in art research and technology)"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Proposal for an analytical methodology of study of gilded wood carving techniques and materials","year":"2013a","journal-title":"ICOM CC meeting of working group on polychrome sculpture"},{"key":"ref1411","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Polymers in conservation: Proceedings of an international conference organized by Manchester Polytechnic and Manchester Museum, Manchester, 17\u201319 July 1991","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-016-0481-1","article-title":"Uncover the mantle: rediscovering Greg\u00f3rio Lopes palette and technique with a study on the painting \u201cMater Misericordiae","volume":"122","year":"2016a","journal-title":"Appl Phys A: Mater Sci Process"},{"key":"ref921","volume-title":"Let\u2019s go camping: a guide to outdoor living","year":"1951"},{"key":"ref1161","year":"2013","journal-title":"O pintor Francisco Jo\u00e3o \u2013 Materiais e t\u00e9cnicas na pintura de cavalete em \u00c9vora na Segunda Metade do S\u00e9culo XVI"},{"key":"ref1471","first-page":"118","volume-title":"The organic chemistry of museum objects","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref1011","first-page":"p.5","article-title":"Frequency and amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy (AFM) combined with H-SEM micro analysis as a novel approach for a multi-scale study of gilded samples","journal-title":"Book of abstracts of in art 2013b conference (First international conference on innovation in art research and technology)"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22027","article-title":"Identification and removal of non-original layers in the sixteenth century paintings of Funchal\u2019s Cathedral altarpiece","volume":"41","year":"2016","journal-title":"Color Res Appl"},{"key":"ref1441","first-page":"566","article-title":"Polymer additives for synthetic low-molecular-weight varnishes","year":"1993","journal-title":"10th Triennial Meeting, ICOM-CC"},{"key":"ref791","volume-title":"A pigment microscopist\u2019s notebook","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.4488","article-title":"Characterization of gypsum and anhydrite ground layers in fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Portuguese paintings by Raman Spectroscopy and other techniques","volume":"45","year":"2014a","journal-title":"J Raman Spectro"},{"key":"ref631","volume-title":"Munch Museum archives","year":"1910a"},{"key":"ref1281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927613013561","article-title":"Characterization of glue sizing layers in portuguese wood paintings from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries by SEM secondary electron images and \u00b5-FTIR","volume":"20","year":"2014b","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"75","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1341","first-page":"123","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI. (Overprint)","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.1989.34.1.9","article-title":"The Chemistry of ketone resins and the synthesis of a derivative with increased stability and flexibility","volume":"34","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stud Conserv"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.1998.43.4.249","article-title":"Comparative chromatographic and mass spectrometric studies of triterpenoid varnishes: fresh material and aged samples from paintings","volume":"43","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stud Conserv"},{"key":"ref1711","volume-title":"The materials of the artist, and their use in painting","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref901","article-title":"Sulfur effects on cotton yield components","volume":"96","year":"2012","journal-title":"Better Crops"},{"key":"ref1111","first-page":"115","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1331","first-page":"259","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"89","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in a complementary approach for the study of documented reconstructions of water gilded composites","year":"2015","journal-title":"Book of abstracts of Gilt-EnArt2015 (International conference on Gilding materials and techniques in European art)"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"507","article-title":"Proteomics tools for the contemporary identification of proteinaceous binders in gilded samples","volume":"6","year":"201520152015","journal-title":"Special issue of GILT-EnArt (International conference on gilding materials and techniques in European art)"},{"key":"ref811","first-page":"127","volume-title":"Hamilton Karr Institute Bulletin, number 3","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref381","first-page":"259","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927615000094","article-title":"On the use of the unusual green pigment brochantite in the sixteenth century Portuguese-Flemish paintings attributed to the Master Frei carlos Workshop","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927613013561","article-title":"Characterization of glue sizing layers in portuguese wood paintings from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries by SEM secondary electron images and \u00b5-FTIR","volume":"20","year":"2014b","journal-title":"Microsc Microanal"},{"key":"ref451","volume-title":"recent advances in conservation","year":"1963"},{"key":"ref731","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Public paintings by Edvard Munch and his contemporaries \u2013 change and conservation challenges","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref1181","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Gregorio Lopes painting workshop: characterization by X-ray based techniques","year":"2014d"},{"key":"ref1891","first-page":"39","article-title":"Analytical chemical studies on traditional linseed oil paints","volume":"6","year":"2002","journal-title":"Molart report"},{"key":"ref971","first-page":"439","article-title":"A comparative multi-technique investigation on material identification of gilding layers and the conservation state of 7 Portuguese mannerist altarpieces","volume":"6","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Conserv Sci"},{"key":"ref1561","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The invention of pastel painting","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref1141","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Primitivos. El siglo dorado de la pintura portuguesa. 1450\u20131550","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref1591","volume-title":"Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"218","article-title":"More than gold \u2013 an interdisciplinary, complementary study of gilding materials and techniques in baroque altarpieces from Portugal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings book of ESRARC 2014 (6th European symposium on religious art, restoration & conservation)"},{"key":"ref1251","first-page":"107","volume-title":"As prepara\u00e7\u00f5es na Pintura Portuguesa S\u00e9culos XV e XVI","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22224","article-title":"An innovative, interdisciplinary, and multi-technique study of gilding and painting techniques in the decoration of the Main Altarpiece of Miranda do Douro Cathedral (XVII-XVIIIth centuries, Portugal)","volume":"76","year":"2013c","journal-title":"Microsc Res Technol"},{"key":"ref1651","first-page":"176","article-title":"The yeats archive: a method of identifying wax crayon, in works of art on paper, books, documentation and photographs, techniques and conservation","year":"2002","journal-title":"IIC Baltimore Congress"},{"key":"ref911","first-page":"197","volume-title":"The institute of painting conservation, conference papers","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref441","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Le resine sintetiche usate nel trattamento di opera policrome","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["Physical Sciences Reviews"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/psr.2019.4.issue-5\/psr-2018-0016\/psr-2018-0016.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/psr.2019.4.issue-5\/psr-2018-0016\/psr-2018-0016.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T23:44:02Z","timestamp":1720914242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/psr-2018-0016\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"references-count":182,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/psr-2018-0016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2365-659X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2365-659X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]}}}