{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:18:48Z","timestamp":1779243528266,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Informa Healthcare","issue":"17","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2012.736491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]],"date-time":"2012-10-25T01:38:41Z","timestamp":1351129121000},"page":"2473-2484","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Current pharmacotherapy for cholestatic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1517","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Carey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith D","family":"Lindor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3197","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00102-8","volume":"7","author":"Prince MI","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36027"},{"key":"CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep0521"},{"issue":"10","key":"CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01792.x","volume":"18","author":"Hempfling W","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23082","volume":"50","author":"Lindor KD","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.156","volume":"106","author":"Eaton JE","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8537","key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91610-2","volume":"1","author":"Poupon R","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"22","key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105303242204","volume":"324","author":"Poupon RE","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190512","volume":"19","author":"Heathcote EJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80136-6","volume":"30","author":"Angulo P","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898","volume":"353","author":"Kaplan MM","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8613058","volume":"110","author":"Lindor KD","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70183-5","volume":"113","author":"Poupon RE","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.009","volume":"128","author":"Corpechot C","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00699.x","volume":"101","author":"ter Borg PC","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)11293-X"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01235.x","volume":"102","author":"Gong Y","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0018","first-page":"CD000551","author":"Gluud C","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-009-0079-2","volume":"12","author":"Zein CO","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i6.894","volume":"10","author":"Dohmen K","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04512.x"},{"key":"CIT0022","first-page":"CD009145","volume":"1","author":"Rudic JS","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22627","volume":"49","author":"Song KH","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32834452c8","volume":"27","author":"Lindor KD","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(10)60004-9","volume":"52","author":"Mason A LV","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0026","first-page":"416A","volume":"54","author":"Kowdley KV","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"CIT0027","author":"Mason AL","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2007.03.003","volume":"75","author":"Spadaro A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.18663","volume":"32","author":"Angulo P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"CIT0030","first-page":"550A","volume":"46","author":"Myers R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24748"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70403-8","volume":"117","author":"Kaplan MM","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20103","volume":"39","author":"Kaplan MM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.05.010","volume":"9","author":"Leung J","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20897","volume":"42","author":"Combes B","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0036","first-page":"168","volume":"39","author":"Talwalkar JA","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20646"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gcb.2010.02.004","volume":"34","author":"Rabahi N","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23584","volume":"51","author":"Manns MP","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.616","volume":"105","author":"Neuhauser M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05703.x","volume":"97","author":"Talwalkar JA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.09.002","volume":"54","author":"Boberg KM","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21337","volume":"44","author":"LaRusso NF","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199703063361003","volume":"336","author":"Lindor KD","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23294","volume":"51","author":"Chapman R","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04966.x","volume":"35","author":"Lindstrom L","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1159\/000324145","volume":"29","author":"Lindor KD","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0048","first-page":"455","volume":"90","author":"Van Thiel DH","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2007.01441.x","volume":"27","author":"Talwalkar JA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20457","volume":"40","author":"Farkkila M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.14","volume":"104","author":"Silveira MG","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0052-6","volume":"53","author":"Angulo P","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04926.x","volume":"35","author":"Martin CR","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-26"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)80031-7","volume":"175","author":"Alsulyman OM","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80146-8","volume":"27","author":"Palma J","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00167.x","volume":"111","author":"Williamson C","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20952"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.06.019"},{"key":"CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2006.077"},{"key":"CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.00029.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-985070","volume":"27","author":"Carter BA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00003"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03106.x","volume":"24","author":"Lloyd DA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.10.066","volume":"130","author":"Kelly DA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328329e4ef","volume":"12","author":"Wiles A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607109332773","volume":"33","author":"de Meijer VE","year":"2009","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K229","volume":"41","author":"San Luis VA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3282f6a7c5","volume":"24","author":"Bjornsson E","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.12.009","volume":"134","author":"Ghazale A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181c9dac6","volume":"18","author":"Bjornsson E","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009","volume":"51","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0744-1","volume":"55","author":"Charatcharoenwitthaya P","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03223.x","volume":"25","author":"Jones DE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0613-3","volume":"54","author":"Ian Gan S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0077","first-page":"1211A","volume":"54","author":"Silveira MG","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2007.11.009","volume":"12","author":"Bergasa NV","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23821","volume":"52","author":"Kuiper EM","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01326.x","volume":"26","author":"Khurana S","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.3.436","volume":"50","author":"Prince MI","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"7","key":"CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01200.x","volume":"102","author":"Tandon P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21553"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2012.04994.x","volume":"35","author":"Leckie P","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.02.031","volume":"53","author":"Pares A","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.08.008","volume":"45","author":"Pusl T","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90033-0","volume":"108","author":"Hay J","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50242","volume":"9","author":"Carey EJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.1999.01913.x","volume":"14","author":"Shiomi S","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0090","first-page":"47","volume":"89","author":"Crippin JS","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.suppl_1.i1","volume":"50","author":"Collier JD","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"10","key":"CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07639.x","volume":"98","author":"Guanabens N","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20866","volume":"42","author":"Zein CO","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(10)60186-9","volume":"52","author":"Pares A","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181d7e1d3","volume":"18","author":"Treeprasertsuk S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07341.x","volume":"98","author":"Menon KV","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.1.49","volume":"288","author":"Grady D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"18","key":"CIT0098","first-page":"5106","volume":"60","author":"Tanaka K","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199706000-00012","volume":"24","author":"Floreani A","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-9139(94)90098-1","volume":"20","author":"Camisasca M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01026.x","volume":"25","author":"Levy C","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(92)90066-X","volume":"15","author":"Guanabens N","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.179176","volume":"95","author":"Abbott-Johnson WJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/41.1.66","volume":"41","author":"Sokol RJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1517\/14656566.2012.736491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T20:02:49Z","timestamp":1562270569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1517\/14656566.2012.736491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1517\/14656566.2012.736491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14656566.2012.736491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-6566","1744-7666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-6566","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-7666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]]}}}