{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T07:20:21Z","timestamp":1769757621039,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":245,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Expert Opinion on Drug Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.6.5.505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T12:10:51Z","timestamp":1190117451000},"page":"505-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Assessment of safety of the major antimalarial drugs"],"prefix":"10.1517","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rana","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanaria, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babita","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20895, USA ; ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjai","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20895, USA ; ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077900"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.64.iv"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","first-page":"858","volume":"329","author":"AMINO","year":"2006","unstructured":"AMINO R, THIBERGE S, SHORTE S, FRISCHKNECHT F, MENARD R: Quantitative imaging of Plasmodium sporozoites in the mammalian host. Crit. Rev. Biol. (2006) 329(11):858-862.","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07367-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02799-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"WHO: The Use of Antimalarial Drugs: Report of a WHO Informal Consultation. (13 \u2013 17 November 2000) WHO\/CDS\/RBM\/200133. WHO Geneva Switzerland (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00270.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92568-E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.44.547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90294-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.5.1171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","first-page":"27","volume":"94","author":"MNYIKA","year":"1991","unstructured":"MNYIKA KS, KIHAMIA CM: Chloroquine-induced pruritus: its impact on chloroquine utilization in malaria control in Dar es Salaam. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1991) 94(1):27-31.","journal-title":"J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90391-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4857-7_32"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-94-4-546_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7056.525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-153.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","first-page":"170","volume":"89","author":"DURRHEIM","year":"1999","unstructured":"DURRHEIM DN, GAMMON S, WANER S, BRAACK LE: Antimalarial prophylaxis \u2013 use and adverse events in visitors to the Kruger National Park. S. Afr. Med. J. (1999) 89(2):170-175.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6625.820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90814-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90033-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.2.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(86)92187-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08534.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.54.628.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.7.799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.5.599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0478-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200427010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199614030-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","unstructured":"WHO: Advances in malaria chemotherapy. Report of a WHO scientific group (1984). WHO Technical Report Series No. 711."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07643-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03259868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(79)90121-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","first-page":"621","volume":"23","author":"LOOAREESUWAN","year":"1992","unstructured":"LOOAREESUWAN S, HARINASUTA T, CHONGSUPHAJAISIDDHI T: Drug resistant malaria, with special reference to Thailand. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health (1992) 23(4):621-634.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200730060-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","first-page":"369","volume":"65","author":"EKUE","year":"1987","unstructured":"EKUE JM, PHIRI DE, SHETH UK, MUKUNYANDELA M: A double-blind trial of a fixed combination of mefloquine plus sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine compared with sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine alone in symptomatic falciparum malaria. Bull. World Health Organ. (1987) 65(3):369-373.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.309","volume":"65","author":"TJITRA","year":"2001","unstructured":"TJITRA E, SUPRIANTO S, CURRIE BJ et al.: Therapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a randomized trial comparing artesunate plus sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine versus sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine alone in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (2001) 65(4):309-317.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1986.35.451","volume":"35","author":"MILLER","year":"1986","unstructured":"MILLER KD, LOBEL HO, SATRIALE RF et al.: Severe cutaneous reactions among American travelers using pyrimethamine\u2013sulfadoxine (Fansidar) for malaria prophylaxis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1986) 35(3):451-458.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90202-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)92825-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306103282304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6528.1107-a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-5-722_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90961-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1974.12096796"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-3-393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6462.113-a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6434.1876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-0971(87)90140-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(52)90038-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-11-199506010-00030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_57_1","first-page":"233","volume":"84","author":"WICKRAMASINGHE","year":"1981","unstructured":"WICKRAMASINGHE SN, LITWINCZUK RA: Effects of low concentrations of pyrimethamine on human bone marrow cells in vitro: possible implications for malaria prophylaxis. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1981) 84(6):233-238.","journal-title":"J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07318-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1998.11813273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_62_1","first-page":"1005","volume":"2","year":"1983","unstructured":"NO AUTHORS LISTED: Pyrimethamine combinations in pregnancy. Lancet (1983) 2(8357):1005-1007.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199018010-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011303432204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02967.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02505-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.129","volume":"59","author":"LOBEL","year":"1998","unstructured":"LOBEL HO, VARMA JK, MIANI M et al.: Monitoring for mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Africa: implications for travelers' health. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1998) 59(1):129-132.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_69_1","first-page":"631","volume":"73","author":"TER","year":"1995","unstructured":"TER KUILE FO, NOSTEN F, LUXEMBURGER C et al.: Mefloquine treatment of acute falciparum malaria: a prospective study of non-serious adverse effects in 3673 patients. Bull. World Health Organ. (1995) 73(5):631-642.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_70_1","unstructured":"CENTRES FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION: Health Information for International Travel 2005 \u2013 2006. Chapter 4 (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/hosp.2000.61.3.1308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199512040-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_73_1","first-page":"713","volume":"61","author":"KOFI","year":"1983","unstructured":"KOFI EKUE JM, ULRICH AM, RWABWOGO-ATENYI J, SHETH UK: A double-blind comparative clinical trial of mefloquine and chloroquine in symptomatic falciparum malaria. Bull. World Health Organ. (1983) 61(4):713-718.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92409-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199512060-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.1999.tb00843.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200002000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2000.00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.45.86"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90037-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_82_1","unstructured":"WHO: Review of central nervous system adverse events related to the antimalarial drug mefloquine (1985 \u2013 1990). WHO Geneva Switzerland (1991)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_84_1","first-page":"167","volume":"95","author":"BEM","year":"1992","unstructured":"BEM JL, KERR L, STUERCHLER D: Mefloquine prophylaxis: an overview of spontaneous reports of severe psychiatric reactions and convulsions. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1992) 95(3):167-179.","journal-title":"J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92412-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_86_1","first-page":"233","volume":"72","author":"KARBWANG","year":"1994","unstructured":"KARBWANG J, NA-BANGCHANG K, THANAVIBUL A et al.: Comparison of oral artesunate and quinine plus tetracycline in acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Bull. World Health Organ. (1994) 72(2):233-238.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_87_1","first-page":"299","volume":"61","author":"HARINASUTA","year":"1983","unstructured":"HARINASUTA T, BUNNAG D, WERNSDORFER WH: A Phase II clinical trial of mefloquine in patients with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand. Bull. World Health Organ. (1983) 61(2):299-305.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960191213"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)60885-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_90_1","first-page":"80","volume":"22","author":"DANIS","year":"1993","unstructured":"DANIS M, NOZAIS JP, PARIS L et al.: Blackwater fever after ingestion of mefloquine: three cases. Presse Med. (1993) 22:80.","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)60884-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_93_1","first-page":"683","volume":"337","author":"VAN","year":"1991","unstructured":"VAN DEN ENDEN E, VAN GOMPEL A, COLEBUNDERS R, VAN DEN ENDE J: Mefloquine-induced Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome. Lancet (1991) 337(8742):683.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470180060026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02838.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.50"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.3.595"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.1998.tb00484.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_102_1","first-page":"1400","volume":"25","author":"ADAM","year":"2004","unstructured":"ADAM I, ALI DA, ALWASEILA A, KHEIR MM, ELBASHIR MI: Mefloquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy in Eastern Sudan. Saudi Med. J. (2004) 25(10):1400-1402.","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000238566"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199019040-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_105_1","unstructured":"WHO: Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria (2006). (WHO\/HTM\/MAL\/(2006).1108) WHO."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1983.32.1","volume":"32","author":"WHITE","year":"1983","unstructured":"WHITE NJ, LOOAREESUWAN S, WARRELL DA et al.: Quinine loading dose in cerebral malaria. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1983) 32(1):1-5.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200112000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00252.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6600.716"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198307143090201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(96)90264-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90104-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00316467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1979.tb06084.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.252.23.3257"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-112-4-308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6971.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830470407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)93309-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6747.323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1986.01660200081020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_124_1","first-page":"166","volume":"7","author":"GUZZO","year":"1990","unstructured":"GUZZO C, KAIDBEY K: Persistent light reactivity from systemic quinine. Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. (1990) 7(4):166-168.","journal-title":"Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.1992.tb10316.x","volume":"46","author":"PRICE","year":"1992","unstructured":"PRICE EJ, BEVAN JS, REES A: Quinine-induced cutaneous vasculitis. Br. J. Clin. Pract. (1992) 46(2):138-139.","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1986.tb00432.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4806","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.12.4806","volume":"90","author":"HOU","year":"1997","unstructured":"HOU M, HORNEY E, STOCKELBERG D et al.: Multiple quinine-dependent antibodies in a patient with episodic thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, lymphocytopenia, and granulomatous hepatitis. Blood (1997) 90(12):4806-4811.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390170136029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488606775252584"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)91398-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6487.31"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_132_1","first-page":"125","volume":"54","author":"BATEMAN","year":"1985","unstructured":"BATEMAN DN, BLAIN PG, WOODHOUSE KW et al.: Pharmacokinetics and clinical toxicity of quinine overdosage: lack of efficacy of techniques intended to enhance elimination. Q. J. Med. (1985) 54(214):125-131.","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90056-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1999.11813500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90297-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90300-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05233.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1997.11813106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.6.1678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.204","volume":"51","author":"BOUCHAUD","year":"1994","unstructured":"BOUCHAUD O, BASCO LK, GILLOTIN C et al.: Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of micronized halofantrine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in nonimmune patients. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1994) 51(2):204-213.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)93115-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199427020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90516-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90040-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93317-G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90132-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90158-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2000.00065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(98)91086-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549709035889"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/js970279q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(92)90286-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03507.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90041-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_155_1","first-page":"429","volume":"44","author":"ARNOLD","year":"1954","unstructured":"ARNOLD J, ALVING AS, HOCKWALD RS et al.: The effect of continuous and intermittent primaquine therapy on the relapse rate of Chesson strain vivax malaria. J. Lab. Clin. Med. (1954) 44(3):429-438.","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.4.932"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92898-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.6.1569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1999.11813486"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.56.231"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(97)90403-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90305-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1952.72930340022010b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-195401000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1971.tb87663.x","volume":"1","author":"SIETSMA","year":"1971","unstructured":"SIETSMA A, NAUGHTON MA, HARLEY JD: Methaemoglobin levels in soldiers receiving antimalarial drugs. Med. J. Aust. (1971) 1(9):473-475.","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_168_1","first-page":"795","volume":"38","author":"BRENNECKE","year":"1951","unstructured":"BRENNECKE FE AA, ARNOLD J et al.: A preliminary report on the effect of certain 8-aminoquinolines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J. Lab. Clin. Med. (1951) 38:795-796.","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_169_1","first-page":"427","volume":"59","author":"CARSON","year":"1981","unstructured":"CARSON PE, HOHL R, NORA MV et al.: Toxicology of the 8-aminoquinolines and genetic factors associated with their toxicity in man. Bull. World Health Organ. (1981) 59(3):427-437.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1981.11687489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196706152762402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1952.72930340027010c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.54.62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.526"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90671-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04232.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03260-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514710"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15162-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.9.8.1815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00838.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.63.48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_186_1","first-page":"65","volume":"62","author":"VAN","year":"2000","unstructured":"VAN VUGT M, ANGUS BJ, PRICE RN et al.: A case-control auditory evaluation of patients treated with artemisinin derivatives for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (2000) 62(1):65-69.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2003.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.939"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_191_1","first-page":"28","volume":"9","author":"WANG","year":"1989","unstructured":"WANG TY: Follow-up observation on the therapeutic effects and remote reactions of artemisinin (Qinghaosu) and artemether in treating malaria in pregnant woman. J. Tradit. Chin. Med. (1989) 9(1):28-30.","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(98)91081-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90235-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/324349"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90204-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-6-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000186848.46417.6c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68900-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_200_1","unstructured":"WHO: Antimalaria drug combination therapy: report of a WHO technical consultation (2001). WHO\/CDS\/RBM\/2001.35."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00250.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.638","volume":"58","author":"VON","year":"1998","unstructured":"VON SEIDLEIN L, BOJANG K, JONES P et al.: A randomized controlled trial of artemether\/benflumetol, a new antimalarial and pyrimethamine\/sulfadoxine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1998) 58(5):638-644.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516524"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.8.1.75"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01671.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v83i5.9428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/512677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(03)80038-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(03)90161-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(63)80375-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)91052-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(66)90234-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/160.9.443"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7423.1078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06647.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_220_1","first-page":"105","volume":"6","author":"DEHAAN","year":"1972","unstructured":"DEHAAN RM, METZLER CM, SCHELLENBERG D, VANDENBOSCH WD, MASSON EL: Pharmacokinetic studies of clindamycin hydrochloride in humans. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. (1972) 6(2):105-119.","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2315-2320.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.50.790","volume":"50","author":"KREMSNER","year":"1994","unstructured":"KREMSNER PG, WILDLING E, JENNE L, GRANINGER W, BIENZLE U: Comparison of micronized halofantrine with chloroquine-antibiotic combinations for treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adults from Gabon. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (1994) 50(6):790-795.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.2.467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.7.1603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-411.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2395-2398.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.16.9.695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800630106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00451.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-6404.2002.00502.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(09)70327-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2002.024927"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5433.1573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_234_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.2.735-738.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11860-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0770-9","volume":"90","author":"WIESNER","year":"2003","unstructured":"WIESNER J, BORRMANN S, JOMAA H: Fosmidomycin for the treatment of malaria. Parasitol. Res. (2003) 90(Suppl. 2):S71-S76.","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01448-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-6-70"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_240_1","first-page":"I","volume":"33","author":"KAYE","year":"2001","unstructured":"KAYE D: Death from malaria following inappropriate chemoprophylaxis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (2001) 33(5):I.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_241_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_242_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2_1","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.dndi.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_3_1","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.mmv.org"}],"container-title":["Expert Opinion on Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1517\/14740338.6.5.505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T16:35:54Z","timestamp":1769704554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1517\/14740338.6.5.505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"references-count":245,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1517\/14740338.6.5.505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14740338.6.5.505","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-0338","1744-764X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-0338","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-764X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}}}