{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T14:14:10Z","timestamp":1768486450176,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["apb.tbzmed.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Pharm Bull"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Hydrophobic nutraceuticals are suffering from water solubility and physicochemical stabilities once administered to the body or food matrixes. The present study depicts the successful formulation of a zein-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) complex to stabilize a water in oil (W\/O) emulsion to protect them from environmental and gastrointestinal conditions. The formulated water in oil in water (W\/O\/W) system was used for nanoencapsulating of hydrophobic nutraceutical, rutin, via protein-polysaccharide complexes.  Methods: Zein nano particles smaller than 100 nm were produced using poly ethylene glycol (PEG 400) and Tween 80, which eliminates the use of ethanolic solutions in preparation of zein nanoparticles (ZN). CMC was then added to the ZN under magnetic stirrer to provide zein-CMC complex. A concentration of 20% CMC showed the smallest particle size (&lt;100 nm). Rutin was dispersed in water in oil in water (W\/O\/W) emulsion stabilized by zein-CMC complex. A set of experiments such as encapsulation efficiency (EE%), encapsulation stability (ES%), and releasing rate of rutin were measured during 30 days of storage at 4\u00b0C.  Results: Results showed that, produced multiple emulsion prepared with lower concentrations of Tween 80 (0.5%), ethanol: PEG: water ratio of 0:80:20 showed smaller size (89.8\u00b14.2 nm). ES% at pH values of 1.2, 6.8, and 7.4 were 86.63\u00b16.19, 91.54\u00b13.89, and 97.13\u00b12.39 respectively, indicating high pH tolerability of formulated W\/O\/W emulsions.  Conclusion: These findings could pave a new approach in stabilizing W\/O\/W emulsions for encapsulating and controlling the release of water insoluble nutraceuticals\/drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15171\/apb.2019.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,16]],"date-time":"2019-06-16T13:41:36Z","timestamp":1560692496000},"page":"262-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15171\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Zein-CMC-PEG Multiple Nanocolloidal Systems as a Novel Approach for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Applications"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7743-0565","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Afshin","family":"Babazadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Motor Neuron Disease Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Tabibiazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Research Center and Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science and Technology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9905-0662","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hamed","family":"Hamishehkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1043-3163","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bingyang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Motor Neuron Disease Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2016.07.017"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/PS.2017.07"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2017.03.038"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450118666170508095250"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2018.07.028"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2004.04.001"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B718319D"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-0294(03)00093-1"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2008.07.019"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1461-5347(98)00072-8"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0260-8774(02)00211-X"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2013.06.020"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2015.12.002"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2016.07.006"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2017.03.001"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colcom.2018.07.003"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2014.09.005"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2013.02.054"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf500005y"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2SM07417F"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.80.3.623"},{"key":"R22","unstructured":"Rowe RC, Sheskey PJ, Weller PJ. 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