{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T11:14:33Z","timestamp":1718104473887},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["joddd.tbzmed.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the tooth caused by specific microorganisms or a group of microorganisms and, if not treated, leads to progressive degradation of the supporting tissues and subsequent loss of the teeth affected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IL-36\u03b3 on periodontitis by enhancing the TLR4 and MAPK signaling pathways. Methods. In this pilot study, 50 patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis and 50 individuals with healthy periodontium, who were candidates for crown lengthening (CL), were selected based on inclusion criteria. The tissue samples were taken during pocket depth surgery (for the test group) and CL surgery (for the control group). The macrophage cells of the inflammatory tissues were extracted and stimulated by TLR4 proteins in a time-dependent manner; then IL-36\u03b3 levels in macrophages were investigated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means \u00b1 standard deviations and frequency percentages). Repeat measurement test was used to compare IL36\u03b3 expression in MAPK and TLR4 pathways at different time intervals. ANCOVA was used to compare IL36\u03b3 expression at different time intervals between the two pathways. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 at a significance level of P&lt;0.05. Results. The results of the current study showed a significant relation between TLR4 and IL-36\u03b3 (P&lt;0.001); in tissues with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis, there was a significant relation between the condition and IL-36\u03b3 (P&lt;0.0001). This study also showed that TLR4 and MAPK levels increased in the presence of IL-36\u03b3. Conclusion. According to the present study, it was concluded that IL-36\u03b3 concentrations increased in periodontitis, which could trigger MAPK and TLR4 pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15171\/joddd.2018.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T21:38:40Z","timestamp":1542145120000},"page":"159-165","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.15171\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of the effect of IL-36\u03b3 expression on chronic periodontitis by enhancing the MAPK and TLR4 signaling pathways: A basic research"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Amir Reza","family":"Babaloo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adileh","family":"Shirmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siamak","family":"Sandoghchian shotorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashkan","family":"Kamalzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 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